Articles

Low levels of HIV-1 drug resistance mutations in patients who achieved viral re-suppression without regimen switch: a retrospective study

We identified a HIV-positive cohort in virologic failure (VF) who re-suppressed without drug switch. We characterized their drug resistance mutations (DRM) and adherence profiles to learn how to better manage ...

Authors: Chika K. Onwuamah, Jonathan Okpokwu, Rosemary Audu, Godwin Imade, Seema T. Meloni, Azuka Okwuraiwe, Philippe Chebu, Adesola Z. Musa, Beth Chaplin, Ibrahim Dalhatu, Oche Agbaji, Jay Samuels, Oliver Ezechi, Mukhtar Ahmed, Georgina Odaibo, David O. Olaleye…

Pneumococcal serotype determines growth and capsule size in human cerebrospinal fluid

The polysaccharide capsule is a major virulence factor of S. pneumoniae in diseases such as meningitis. While some capsular serotypes are more often found in invasive disease, high case fatality rates are associa...

Authors: Annelies Müller, Anke Salmen, Suzanne Aebi, Linda de Gouveia, Anne von Gottberg and Lucy J. Hathaway

Sampling methods affect Nematode-Trapping Fungi biodiversity patterns across an elevational gradient

Understanding the patterns of species richness across elevational gradients is a key concept for contemporary research in ecology and evolution, and critical to understanding large-scale trends in biodiversity...

Authors: Wei Deng, Jia-Liang Wang, Matthew B. Scott, Yi-Hao Fang, Shuo-Ran Liu, Xiao-Yan Yang and Wen Xiao

Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of enterotoxigenic extra-intestinal Bacteroides fragilis among 13-year collection of isolates in Kuwait

Some strains of Bacteroides fragilis species are associated with diarrhea as a result of enterotoxin production (bft or fragilysin). Fragilysin is activated by C11 protease (fpn) and together with C10 protease (b...

Authors: Wafaa Jamal, Fatima Bibi Khodakhast, Ameerah AlAzmi, Jόzsef Sόki, Ghayda AlHashem and Vincent O. Rotimi

Genome-resolved metagenomics analysis provides insights into the ecological role of Thaumarchaeota in the Amazon River and its plume

Thaumarchaeota are abundant in the Amazon River, where they are the only ammonia-oxidizing archaea. Despite the importance of Thaumarchaeota, little is known about their physiology, mainly because few isolates...

Authors: Otávio H. B. Pinto, Thais F. Silva, Carla S. Vizzotto, Renata H. Santana, Fabyano A. C. Lopes, Bruno S. Silva, Fabiano L. Thompson and Ricardo H. Kruger

Comparisons of microbiological characteristics and antibiotic resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from urban rodents, shrews, and healthy people

The comparisons of molecular characterization and antibiotic resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) isolates from humans and other animal hosts are not well studied. Our goal was to compare the molecular epidem...

Authors: Xue-shan Zhong, Yong-zhi Li, Jing Ge, Gang Xiao, Yun Mo, Yu-qi Wen, Jing-ping Liu, Yi-quan Xiong, Min Qiu, Shu-ting Huo, Ming-ji Cheng and Qing Chen

Biodegradation of endocrine disruptor Bisphenol A by Pseudomonas putida strain YC-AE1 isolated from polluted soil, Guangdong, China

Bisphenol A is an important organic chemical as an intermediate, final and inert ingredient in manufacturing of many important products like polycarbonate plastics, epoxy resins, flame retardants, food–drink p...

Authors: Adel Eltoukhy, Yang Jia, Ruth Nahurira, M. A. Abo-Kadoum, Ibatsam Khokhar, Junhuan Wang and Yanchun Yan

First identification and genotyping of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in humans in Myanmar

Intestinal pathogen infections are widespread among impoverished populations. Enterocytozoon bieneusi is the most common pathogen of intestinal microsporidian species in humans worldwide. However, no epidemiologi...

Authors: Yujuan Shen, Baiyan Gong, Xiaohua Liu, Yanchen Wu, Fengkun Yang, Jie Xu, Xiaofan Zhang, Jianping Cao and Aiqin Liu

Correction to: Detection of Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis in Norway up to the northern limit of Ixodes ricinus distribution using a novel real time PCR test targeting the groEL gene

After publication of our article [1] it came to our notice that the source of the sequence for the control plasmid, pNeo (Materials and methods: Controls) was incorrectly stated as AB094461. The correct access...

Authors: Andrew Jenkins, Cecilie Raasok, Benedikte N. Pedersen, Kristine Jensen, Åshild Andreassen, Arnulf Soleng, Kristin Skarsfjord Edgar, Heidi Heggen Lindstedt, Vivian Kjelland, Snorre Stuen, Dag Hvidsten and Bjørn-Erik Kristiansen

Larva of greater wax moth Galleria mellonella is a suitable alternative host for the fish pathogen Francisella noatunensis subsp. orientalis

Francisella noatunensis subsp. orientalis (Fno) is the etiological agent of francisellosis in cultured warm water fish, such as tilapia. Antibiotics are administered to treat the disease but a better understandin...

Authors: Winarti Achmad Sarmin Djainal, Khalid Shahin, Matthijs Metselaar, Alexandra Adams and Andrew P. Desbois

Evaluation of resazurin-based assay for rapid detection of polymyxin-resistant gram-negative bacteria

Colistin resistance is considered a serious problem due to a lack of alternative antibiotics. The Rapid ResaPolymyxin Acinetobacter/Pseudomonas NP test is a resazurin reduction-based technique that relies on the ...

Authors: Huaiyu Jia, Renchi Fang, Jie Lin, Xuebin Tian, Yajie Zhao, Lijiang Chen, Jianming Cao and Tieli Zhou

Nucleotide polymorphism assay for the identification of west African group Bacillus anthracis: a lineage lacking anthrose

The exosporium of the anthrax-causing Bacillus anthracis endospores display a tetrasaccharide composed of three rhamnose residues and an unusual sugar termed anthrose. Anthrose is a proposed potential target for ...

Authors: Diansy Zincke, Michael H. Norris, Berzhan Kurmanov, Ted L. Hadfield and Jason K. Blackburn

In vitro synergy between sodium deoxycholate and furazolidone against enterobacteria

Antimicrobial combinations have been proven as a promising approach in the confrontation with multi-drug resistant bacterial pathogens. In the present study, we identify and characterize a synergistic interact...

Authors: Vuong Van Hung Le, Catrina Olivera, Julian Spagnuolo, Ieuan G. Davies and Jasna Rakonjac

HpaXpm, a novel harpin of Xanthomonas phaseoli pv. manihotis, acts as an elicitor with high thermal stability, reduces disease, and promotes plant growth

Harpins are proteins secreted by the type III secretion system of Gram-negative bacteria during pathogen–plant interactions that can act as elicitors, stimulating defense and plant growth in many types of non-...

Authors: Yue Liu, Xiaoyun Zhou, Wenbo Liu, Jiamin Huang, Qinghuan Liu, Jianzhang Sun, Xinfeng Cai and Weiguo Miao

Temporal analysis of mRNA expression profiles in Orientia infected C3HeB/FeJ mouse

Scrub typhus causes up to 35% mortality if left untreated. One billion people living in the endemic regions are at risk. In spite of its heavy disease burden in some of the most populated areas in the world, t...

Authors: Chien-Chung Chao, Ruoting Yang, Zhiwen Zhang, Tatyana Belinskaya, Chye-Teik Chan, Stacy-Ann Miller, Rasha Hammamieh, Marti Jett and Wei-Mei Ching

Method comparison for the direct enumeration of bacterial species using a chemostat model of the human colon

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) has a high recurrent infection rate. Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been used successfully to treat recurrent CDI, but much remains unknown about the human gu...

Authors: Ines B. Moura, Charmaine Normington, Duncan Ewin, Emma Clark, Mark H. Wilcox, Anthony M. Buckley and Caroline H. Chilton

An improved bind-n-seq strategy to determine protein-DNA interactions validated using the bacterial transcriptional regulator YipR

Interactions between transcription factors and DNA lie at the centre of many biological processes including DNA recombination, replication, repair and transcription. Most bacteria encode diverse proteins that ...

Authors: Shi-qi An, Miguel A. Valvano, Yan-hua Yu, Jeremy S. Webb and Guillermo Lopez Campos

Long-term impact of fecal transplantation in healthy volunteers

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been recently approved by FDA for the treatment of refractory recurrent clostridial colitis (rCDI). Success of FTM in treatment of rCDI led to a number of studies inv...

Authors: Oleg V. Goloshchapov, Evgenii I. Olekhnovich, Sergey V. Sidorenko, Ivan S. Moiseev, Maxim A. Kucher, Dmitry E. Fedorov, Alexander V. Pavlenko, Alexander I. Manolov, Vladimir V. Gostev, Vladimir A. Veselovsky, Ksenia M. Klimina, Elena S. Kostryukova, Evgeny A. Bakin, Alexander N. Shvetcov, Elvira D. Gumbatova, Ruslana V. Klementeva…

Gut bacteria of weevils developing on plant roots under extreme desert conditions

Many phytophagous insects, whose diet is generally nitrogen-poor, rely on gut bacteria to compensate for nutritional deficits. Accordingly, we hypothesized that insects in desert environments may evolve associ...

Authors: Fengqun Meng, Nitsan Bar-Shmuel, Reut Shavit, Adi Behar and Michal Segoli

An in vitro collagen perfusion wound biofilm model; with applications for antimicrobial studies and microbial metabolomics

The majority of in vitro studies of medically relevant biofilms involve the development of biofilm on an inanimate solid surface. However, infection in vivo consists of biofilm growth on, or suspended within, ...

Authors: Elisabeth A. Slade, Robin M. S. Thorn, Amber Young and Darren M. Reynolds

Primary progressive multiple sclerosis in a Russian cohort: relationship with gut bacterial diversity

Gut microbiota has been increasingly acknowledged to shape significantly human health, contributing to various autoimmune diseases, both intestinal and non-intestinal, including multiple sclerosis (MS). Gut mi...

Authors: Madina Kozhieva, Natalia Naumova, Tatiana Alikina, Alexey Boyko, Valentin Vlassov and Marsel R. Kabilov

Application of LpxC enzyme inhibitor to inhibit some fast-growing bacteria in human gut bacterial culturomics

Culturomics can ascertain traces of microorganisms to be cultivated using different strategies and identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization–time-of-flight mass spectrometry or 16S rDNA sequenc...

Authors: Fengyi Hou, Yuxiao Chang, Zongyu Huang, Ni Han, Lei Bin, Huimin Deng, Zhengchao Li, Zhiyuan Pan, Lei Ding, Hong Gao, Ruifu Yang, Fachao Zhi and Yujing Bi

Composite genome sequence of Bacillus clausii, a probiotic commercially available as Enterogermina^®, and insights into its probiotic properties

Some of the spore-forming strains of Bacillus probiotics are marketed commercially as they survive harsh gastrointestinal conditions and bestow health benefits to the host.

Authors: Indu Khatri, Gaurav Sharma and Srikrishna Subramanian

Pan-genome diversification and recombination in Cronobacter sakazakii, an opportunistic pathogen in neonates, and insights to its xerotolerant lifestyle

Cronobacter sakazakii is an emerging opportunistic bacterial pathogen known to cause neonatal and pediatric infections, including meningitis, necrotizing enterocolitis, and bacteremia. Multiple disease outbreaks ...

Authors: Isaiah Paolo A. Lee and Cheryl P. Andam

Phenotypic and molecular characterization of antimicrobial resistance in Trueperella pyogenes strains isolated from bovine mastitis and metritis

Trueperella pyogenes is one of the most clinically imperative bacteria responsible for severe cases of mastitis and metritis, particularly in postpartum dairy cows. The bacterium has emergence of antibiotic resis...

Authors: Mobin Rezanejad, Sepideh Karimi and Hassan Momtaz

Variation of growth characteristics of pneumococcus with environmental conditions

Pneumococcus is exposed to a variety of temperature and oxygen levels in the upper respiratory tract and as it invades the lung, tissues, and blood. We sought to determine the effect of environmental variabili...

Authors: Adrienn Tóthpál, Katherine Desobry, Shreyas S. Joshi, Anne L. Wyllie and Daniel M. Weinberger

Detection and characterization of bacterial endosymbionts in Southeast Asian tephritid fruit fly populations

Various endosymbiotic bacteria, including Wolbachia of the Alphaproteobacteria, infect a wide range of insects and are capable of inducing reproductive abnormalities to their hosts such as cytoplasmic incompatibi...

Authors: Elias D. Asimakis, Vangelis Doudoumis, Ashok B. Hadapad, Ramesh S. Hire, Costas Batargias, Changying Niu, Mahfuza Khan, Kostas Bourtzis and George Tsiamis

Wolbachia infection in Argentinean populations of Anastrepha fraterculus sp1: preliminary evidence of sex ratio distortion by one of two strains

Wolbachia, one of the most abundant taxa of intracellular Alphaproteobacteria, is widespread among arthropods and filarial nematodes. The presence of these maternally inherited bacteria is associated with modific...

Authors: Claudia Alejandra Conte, Diego Fernando Segura, Fabian Horacio Milla, Antonios Augustinos, Jorge Luis Cladera, Kostas Bourtzis and Silvia Beatriz Lanzavecchia

Enterobacter sp. AA26 gut symbiont as a protein source for Mediterranean fruit fly mass-rearing and sterile insect technique applications

Insect species have established sophisticated symbiotic associations with diverse groups of microorganisms including bacteria which have been shown to affect several aspects of their biology, physiology, ecolo...

Authors: Georgios A. Kyritsis, Antonios A. Augustinos, Spyridon Ntougias, Nikos T. Papadopoulos, Kostas Bourtzis and Carlos Cáceres

Tephritid-microbial interactions to enhance fruit fly performance in sterile insect technique programs

The Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) is being applied for the management of economically important pest fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in a number of countries worldwide. The success and cost effectiveness o...

Authors: Ania T. Deutscher, Toni A. Chapman, Lucas A. Shuttleworth, Markus Riegler and Olivia L. Reynolds

Commensal microbiota modulates larval foraging behaviour, development rate and pupal production in Bactrocera tryoni

Commensal microbes can promote survival and growth of developing insects, and have important fitness implications in adulthood. Insect larvae can acquire commensal microbes through two main routes: by vertical...

Authors: Juliano Morimoto, Binh Nguyen, Shabnam T. Tabrizi, Ida Lundbäck, Phillip W. Taylor, Fleur Ponton and Toni A. Chapman

Assessment of the Bacteria community structure across life stages of the Chinese Citrus Fly, Bactrocera minax (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Symbiotic bacteria play a critical role in insect’s biology. They also offer great opportunities to improve on current pest management techniques. In order to exploit and integrate the roles played by the gut ...

Authors: Awawing Anjwengwo Andongma, Lun Wan, Yong-Cheng Dong, Yu-Lei Wang, Jin He and Chang-Ying Niu

Joint FAO/IAEA coordinated research project on “use of symbiotic bacteria to reduce mass-rearing costs and increase mating success in selected fruit pests in support of SIT application”

Authors: Carlos Cáceres, George Tsiamis, Boaz Yuval, Edouard Jurkevitch and Kostas Bourtzis

Gut bacterial diversity and physiological traits of Anastrepha fraterculus Brazilian-1 morphotype males are affected by antibiotic treatment

The interaction between gut bacterial symbionts and Tephritidae became the focus of several studies that showed that bacteria contributed to the nutritional status and the reproductive potential of its fruit f...

Authors: María Laura Juárez, Lida Elena Pimper, Guillermo Enrique Bachmann, Claudia Alejandra Conte, María Josefina Ruiz, Lucía Goane, Pilar Medina Pereyra, Felipe Castro, Julieta Salgueiro, Jorge Luis Cladera, Patricia Carina Fernández, Kostas Bourtzis, Silvia Beatriz Lanzavecchia, María Teresa Vera and Diego Fernando Segura

Bacterial communities in the gut of wild and mass-reared Zeugodacus cucurbitae and Bactrocera dorsalis revealed by metagenomic sequencing

Insect pests belonging to genus Bactrocera sp. (Diptera: Tephritidae) pose major biotic stress on various fruits and vegetable crops around the world. Zeugodacus and Bactrocera sp. are associated with diverse ...

Authors: Ashok B. Hadapad, Suresh K. G. Shettigar and Ramesh S. Hire

Diet and irradiation effects on the bacterial community composition and structure in the gut of domesticated teneral and mature Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Mass-rearing, domestication and gamma irradiation of tephritid fruit flies used in sterile insect technique (SIT) programmes can negatively impact fly quality and performance. Symbiotic bacteria supplied as pr...

Authors: Deane N. Woruba, Jennifer L. Morrow, Olivia L. Reynolds, Toni A. Chapman, Damian P. Collins and Markus Riegler

Exploring the antimicrobial resistance profiles of WHO critical priority list bacterial strains

The antimicrobial resistance of clinical, environmental and control strains of the WHO “Priority 1: Critical group” organisms, Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeru...

Authors: Benjamin Havenga, Thando Ndlovu, Tanya Clements, Brandon Reyneke, Monique Waso and Wesaal Khan

Pathogenic fungi-induced susceptibility is mitigated by mutual Lactobacillus plantarum in the Drosophila melanogaster model

Since animals frequently encounter a variety of harmful fungi in nature, their ability to develop sophisticated anti-fungal strategies allows them to flourish across the globe. Extensive studies have highlight...

Authors: Wanzhen Su, Jialin Liu, Peng Bai, Baocang Ma and Wei Liu

The sensor kinase BfmS controls production of outer membrane vesicles in Acinetobacter baumannii

Acinetobacter baumannii is an important opportunistic pathogen responsible for various nosocomial infections. The BfmRS two-component system plays a role in pathogenesis and antimicrobial resistance of A. baumann...

Authors: Se Yeon Kim, Mi Hyun Kim, Seung Il Kim, Joo Hee Son, Shukho Kim, Yoo Chul Lee, Minsang Shin, Man Hwan Oh and Je Chul Lee

The dishwasher rubber seal acts as a reservoir of bacteria in the home environment

In modern lifestyles, people make their everyday tasks easier by using household appliances, for example dishwashers. Previous studies showed massive contamination of dishwasher rubber seals with fungi, thus b...

Authors: Jerneja Zupančič, Martina Turk, Miha Črnigoj, Jerneja Ambrožič Avguštin and Nina Gunde-Cimerman

Genetic diversity of Listeria monocytogenes strains in ruminant abortion and rhombencephalitis cases in comparison with the natural environment

Listeria monocytogenes is the causative agent of listeriosis, a serious disease affecting both animals and humans. Here, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was used to characterize the genetic diversity of Listeri...

Authors: Bojan Papić, Mateja Pate, Benjamin Félix and Darja Kušar

ShiF acts as an auxiliary factor of aerobactin secretion in meningitis Escherichia coli strain S88

The neonatal meningitis E. coli (NMEC) strain S88 carries a ColV plasmid named pS88 which is involved in meningeal virulence. Transcriptional analysis of pS88 in human serum revealed a strong upregulation of an O...

Authors: Mathieu Genuini, Philippe Bidet, Jean-François Benoist, Dimitri Schlemmer, Chloé Lemaitre, André Birgy and Stéphane Bonacorsi

Comparative study on the effects of different feeding habits and diets on intestinal microbiota in Acipenser baeri Brandt and Huso huso

Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baeri Brandt) and Beluga sturgeon (Huso huso) are two important commercial fish in China, and the feeding habits of them are very different. Diets and feeding habits are two significa...

Authors: Guanling Xu, Wei Xing, Tieliang Li, Min Xue, Zhihong Ma, Na Jiang and Lin Luo

Whole-genome sequence-based comparison and profiling of virulence-associated genes of Bacillus cereus group isolates from diverse sources in Japan

The complete genome sequences of 44 Bacillus cereus group isolates collected from diverse sources in Japan were analyzed to determine their genetic backgrounds and diversity levels in Japan. Multilocus sequence t...

Authors: Akiko Okutani, Satoshi Inoue, Akira Noguchi, Yoshihiro Kaku and Shigeru Morikawa

Role of membrane compartment occupied by Can1 (MCC) and eisosome subdomains in plant pathogenicity of the necrotrophic fungus Alternaria brassicicola

MCC/eisosomes are membrane microdomains that have been proposed to participate in the plasma membrane function in particular by regulating the homeostasis of lipids, promoting the recruitment of specific prote...

Authors: Justine Colou, Guillaume Quang N’Guyen, Ophélie Dubreu, Kévin Fontaine, Anthony Kwasiborski, Franck Bastide, Florence Manero, Bruno Hamon, Sophie Aligon, Philippe Simoneau and Thomas Guillemette

Thymol tolerance in Escherichia coli induces morphological, metabolic and genetic changes

Thymol is a phenolic compound used for its wide spectrum antimicrobial activity. There is a limited understanding of the antimicrobial mechanisms underlying thymol activity. To investigate this, E. coli strain JM...

Authors: Fatemah Al-Kandari, Rabeah Al-Temaimi, Arnoud H. M. van Vliet and Martin J. Woodward

Antimicrobial efficacy and toxicity of novel CAMPs against P. aeruginosa infection in a murine skin wound infection model

Treatment of P. aeruginosa wound infection is challenging due to its inherent and acquired resistance to many conventional antibiotics. Cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs) with distinct modes of antimicrobial...

Authors: Ming Yang, Chunye Zhang, Sarah A. Hansen, William J. Mitchell, Michael Z. Zhang and Shuping Zhang

Investigation of the molecular characteristics of Brucella isolates from Guangxi Province, China

Human brucellosis has become a severe public health problem in China’s Guangxi Province, and there has been higher prevalence of brucellosis in this region after 2010. Both multiple locus variable-number tande...

Authors: Zhi-guo Liu, Miao Wang, Hong-yan Zhao, Dong-ri Piao, Hai Jiang and Zhen-jun Li

The efficacy of lyticase and β-glucosidase enzymes on biofilm degradation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains with different gene profiles

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a nosocomial pathogen that causes severe infections in immunocompromised patients. Biofilm plays a significant role in the resistance of this bacterium and complicates the treatment of i...

Authors: Maryam Banar, Mohammad Emaneini, Reza Beigverdi, Rima Fanaei Pirlar, Narges Node Farahani, Willem B. van Leeuwen and Fereshteh Jabalameli

iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis reveals the mechanisms of Botrytis cinerea controlled with Wuyiencin

Grey mould is an important plant disease worldwide, caused by Botrytis cinerea, resulting in serious economic loss. Wuyiencin, a low toxicity, high efficiency, and broad-spectrum agricultural antibiotic, has been...

Authors: Liming Shi, Beibei Ge, Jinzi Wang, Binghua Liu, Jinjin Ma, Qiuhe Wei and Kecheng Zhang