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  1. This study aimed to determine the frequency of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), antibiotic resistance patterns, superantigenic toxins profile, and clonality of this pathogen in patients with ca...

    Authors: Effat Abbasi Montazeri, Azar Dokht Khosravi, Saeedeh Khazaei and Ali Sabbagh
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:262
  2. Prompt and accurate identification of carbapenemase production is essential for appropriate treatment and infection control. NG-Test Carba 5 (termed herein “Carba 5”; NG Biotech, Guipry, France) is a multiplex...

    Authors: Jung Yoon, Chang Hyun Kim, Soo-Young Yoon, Chae Seung Lim and Chang Kyu Lee
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:260
  3. Oral iron supplementation is commonly prescribed for anemia and may play an important role in the gut microbiota recovery of anemic individuals who received antibiotic treatment. This study aims to investigate...

    Authors: Thibault Cuisiniere, Annie Calvé, Gabriela Fragoso, Manon Oliero, Roy Hajjar, Emmanuel Gonzalez and Manuela M. Santos
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:259
  4. The Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) represented a great risk to public health. In this study, 60 STEC strains recovered from broiler and duck fecal samples, cow’s milk, cattle beef, human urine, and...

    Authors: Mohamed Sabry Abd Elraheam Elsayed, Samah Mahmoud Eldsouky, Tamer Roshdy, Abeer Mohamed Ahmed Bayoume, Ghada M. Nasr, Ali S. A. Salama, Behiry A. Akl, Al Shaimaa Hasan, Amany Kasem Shahat, Rana Atef Khashaba, Walid Abdellatif Abdelhalim, Hend E. Nasr, Lina Abdelhady Mohammed and Ahmed Salah
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:257
  5. Microbial dysbiosis with increased Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) colonization on the skin is a hallmark of atopic dermatitis (AD), however most microbiome studies focus on bacteria in the flexures and the mic...

    Authors: Rie Dybboe Bjerre, Jacob Bak Holm, Albert Palleja, Julie Sølberg, Lone Skov and Jeanne Duus Johansen
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:256
  6. Biofilms disperse in response to specific environmental cues, such as reduced oxygen concentration, changes in nutrient concentration and exposure to nitric oxide. Interestingly, biofilms do not completely dis...

    Authors: Harikrishnan A. S. Nair, Sujatha Subramoni, Wee Han Poh, Nabilah Taqiah Binte Hasnuddin, Martin Tay, Michael Givskov, Tim Tolker-Nielsen, Staffan Kjelleberg, Diane McDougald and Scott A. Rice
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:255
  7. Cellulolytic microorganisms are considered a key player in the degradation of plant biomass in various environments. These microorganisms can be isolated from various environments, such as soils, the insect gu...

    Authors: Siham Fatani, Yoshimoto Saito, Mohammed Alarawi, Takashi Gojobori and Katsuhiko Mineta
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:254
  8. Long-term trends in freshwater bacterial community composition (BCC) and dynamics are not yet well characterized, particularly in large lake ecosystems. We addressed this gap by temporally (15 months) and spat...

    Authors: Abdolrazagh Hashemi Shahraki, Subba Rao Chaganti and Daniel Heath
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:253
  9. This study was undertaken to discover whether the vaginal microbe of women at childbearing age is different among groups defined by urogenital tract infections, childbearing history and menstrual cycle, respec...

    Authors: Lijuan Cheng, Yan Gao, Qing Xia, Hui Wang, Xiuzhen Xie, Yurong Liu, Heying Shang and Yutao Diao
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:252
  10. To understand inter-individual variability of fecal microbe transplantation (FMT) to enhance anti-PD-1 immunotherapy (IT) for melanoma, we analyzed the data sets from two recent publications with a microbial s...

    Authors: Hyunmin Koo and Casey D. Morrow
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:251
  11. Probiotics are widely used in intestinal microbiota imbalance caused by sepsis, however, the protective mechanism is still unclear. This study aimed to explore protective effect of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus TR...

    Authors: Jiangtao Yin, Wen Sun, Xianqiang Yu, Xiaojia Xiao, Baiqiang Li, Zhihui Tong, Lu Ke, Wenjian Mao and Weiqin Li
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:249
  12. Infants with cystic fibrosis (CF) suffer from gastrointestinal (GI) complications, including pancreatic insufficiency and intestinal inflammation, which have been associated with impaired nutrition and growth....

    Authors: Alexander Eng, Hillary S. Hayden, Christopher E. Pope, Mitchell J. Brittnacher, Anh T. Vo, Eli J. Weiss, Kyle R. Hager, Daniel H. Leung, Sonya L. Heltshe, Daniel Raftery, Samuel I. Miller, Lucas R. Hoffman and Elhanan Borenstein
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:247
  13. Saline and alkaline stresses damages the health of soil systems. Meanwhile, little is known about how saline or alkaline stress affects soil nitrifier and denitrifier communities. Therefore, we compared the re...

    Authors: Jiaxin Guo, Yongxue Zhou, Huijuan Guo and Wei Min
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:246
  14. Bacterial abortive infection (Abi) systems are type IV toxin–antitoxin (TA) system, which could elicit programmed cell death and constitute a native survival strategy of pathogenic bacteria under various stres...

    Authors: Xiaohong Chen, Aiqi Hu, Qian Zou, Sha Luo, Hetao Wu, Chunlan Yan, Tao Liu, Donglan He, Xiaohua Li and Guojun Cheng
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:245
  15. Fish skin represents an ancient vertebrate mucosal surface, sharing characteristics with other mucosal surfaces including those of the intestine. The skin mucosa is continuously exposed to microbes in the surr...

    Authors: Karen Dunker, Sol Gomez de la Torre Canny, Catherine Taylor Nordgård, Etienne Dague, Cécile Formosa-Dague, Ingrid Bakke and Marit Sletmoen
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:244
  16. Understanding the specificity and flexibility of the algal symbiosis-host association is fundamental for predicting how species occupy a diverse range of habitats. Here we assessed the algal symbiosis diversit...

    Authors: Martina Prazeres, T. Edward Roberts, Shadrina Fildzah Ramadhani, Steve S. Doo, Christiane Schmidt, Marleen Stuhr and Willem Renema
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:243
  17. SARS-CoV-2 has been detected in stool samples of COVID-19 patients, with potential implications for faecal-oral transmission. Compared to nasopharyngeal swab samples, the complexity of the stool matrix poses a...

    Authors: Tianqi Li, Enriqueta Garcia-Gutierrez, Daniel A. Yara, Jacob Scadden, Jade Davies, Chloe Hutchins, Alp Aydin, Justin O’Grady, Arjan Narbad, Stefano Romano and Lizbeth Sayavedra
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:242
  18. Vancomycin-intermediate resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) is becoming a common cause of nosocomial infections worldwide. VISA isolates are developed by unclear molecular mechanisms via mutations in several g...

    Authors: Neda Baseri, Shahin Najar-Peerayeh and Bita Bakhshi
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:240
  19. Aspergillus species cause aflatoxin contamination in groundnut kernels, being a health threat in agricultural products and leading to commodity rejection by domestic and international markets. Presence of Aspergi...

    Authors: Abdi Mohammed, Paola C. Faustinelli, Alemayehu Chala, Mashilla Dejene, Chemeda Fininsa, Amare Ayalew, Chris O. Ojiewo, David A. Hoisington, Victor S. Sobolev, Jaime Martínez-Castillo and Renee S. Arias
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:239
  20. The infant intestinal microbiome plays an important role in metabolism and immune development with impacts on lifelong health. The linkage between the taxonomic composition of the microbiome and its metabolic ...

    Authors: Quang P. Nguyen, Margaret R. Karagas, Juliette C. Madan, Erika Dade, Thomas J. Palys, Hilary G. Morrison, Wimal W. Pathmasiri, Susan McRitche, Susan J. Sumner, H. Robert Frost and Anne G. Hoen
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:238
  21. Avian tuberculosis is a chronic and zoonotic disease that affects a wide variety of birds, mammals, and humans. This study aimed to estimate the frequency of Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium in some domestic bird...

    Authors: Abdelazeem M. Algammal, Hany R. Hashem, Amenah S. Al-otaibi, Khyreyah J. Alfifi, Esraa M. El-dawody, Eman Mahrous, Helal F. Hetta, Ali W. El-Kholy, Hazem Ramadan and Reham M. El-Tarabili
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:237
  22. The ePlex® and QIAstat-Dx® respiratory pathogen panels detect multiple respiratory pathogens, mainly viruses but also Legionella pneumophila, Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Bordetella pertussis. The assays have been m...

    Authors: Suzanne A. V. van Asten, Stefan A. Boers, Jolanda D. F. de Groot, R. Schuurman and Eric C. J. Claas
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:236
  23. The Escherichia coli strain that is known to produce the genotoxic secondary metabolite colibactin is linked to colorectal oncogenesis. Therefore, understanding the properties of such colibactin-positive E. coli ...

    Authors: Yuta Tsunematsu, Koji Hosomi, Jun Kunisawa, Michio Sato, Noriko Shibuya, Emiko Saito, Haruka Murakami, Yuko Yoshikawa, Yuji Iwashita, Noriyuki Miyoshi, Michihiro Mutoh, Hideki Ishikawa, Haruhiko Sugimura, Motohiko Miyachi, Keiji Wakabayashi and Kenji Watanabe
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:235
  24. Biofilms are microbial communities surrounded by a self-produced extracellular matrix which protects them from environmental stress. Bacteria within biofilms are 10- to 1000-fold more resistant to antibiotics,...

    Authors: Yihui Wang, Joseph P. Hoffmann, Sarah M. Baker, Kerstin Höner zu Bentrup, William C. Wimley, Joseph A. Fuselier, Jacob P. Bitoun and Lisa A. Morici
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:234
  25. Authors: Tamara Renata Machado Ribeiro, Mateus Kawata Salgaço, Maria Angela Tallarico Adorno, Miriam Aparecida da Silva, Roxane Maria Fontes Piazza, Katia Sivieri and Cristiano Gallina Moreira
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:233

    The original article was published in BMC Microbiology 2021 21:163

  26. In unfavourable environment, such as nutrient limitation, some bacteria encased themselves into a three dimensional polymer matrix called biofilm. The majority of microbial infections in human are biofilm rela...

    Authors: Jeffrine Solihin, Diana Elizabeth Waturangi and Tresnawati Purwadaria
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:232
  27. Modulating the microbiota is a leading-edge strategy for the restoration and maintenance of a healthy, balanced environment. The use of health-promoting bacteria has demonstrated some potential benefits as an ...

    Authors: Veronica Moskovicz, Rina Ben-El, Guy Horev and Boaz Mizrahi
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:231
  28. Resistance to ceftazidime-avibactam was reported, and it is important to investigate the mechanisms of ceftazidime/avibactam resistance in K. pneumoniae with mutations in blaKPC.

    Authors: Lingxiao Sun, Haibo Li, Qi Wang, Yingmei Liu and Bin Cao
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:230
  29. H. pylori is closely related to the occurrence and development of various digestive gastritis, peptic ulcer and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. H. pylori is also a class I carcinogen of gastric...

    Authors: Ling-Zhi Yuan, Xiao Shi, Dan Tang, Shao-Peng Zheng, Zhi-Ming Xiao and Fen Wang
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:229
  30. Targeted metagenomics and IS-Pro method are two of the many methods that have been used to study the microbiome. The two methods target different regions of the 16 S rRNA gene. The aim of this study was to com...

    Authors: T Goolam Mahomed, RPH Peters, GHJ Pretorius, A Goolam Mahomed, V Ueckermann, MM Kock and MM Ehlers
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:228
  31. Bacteria have been reported to exhibit complicated morphological colony patterns on solid media, depending on intracellular, and extracellular factors such as motility, cell propagation, and cell-cell interact...

    Authors: Hiroki Yamamoto, Yuki Fukasawa, Yu Shoji, Shumpei Hisamoto, Tomohiro Kikuchi, Atsuko Takamatsu and Hideo Iwasaki
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:227
  32. Gut microbiota (GMB) alteration has been reported to influence the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis through immune, endocrine, and metabolic pathways. This study aims to investigate metabolic output of th...

    Authors: Jianxiong Xi, Ding Ding, Huiwei Zhu, Ruru Wang, Feng Su, Wanqing Wu, Zhenxu Xiao, Xiaoniu Liang, Qianhua Zhao, Zhen Hong, Hua Fu and Qianyi Xiao
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:226
  33. Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating bowel disease, primarily affecting premature infants, with a poorly understood aetiology. Prior studies have found associations in different cases with an overa...

    Authors: Alexander G. Shaw, Kathleen Sim, Graham Rose, David J. Wooldridge, Ming-Shi Li, Raju V. Misra, Saheer Gharbia and J. Simon Kroll
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:225
  34. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence rate, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and molecular characteristics of Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from pregnant women at 35 weeks of g...

    Authors: Erastus Lafimana Haimbodi, Munyaradzi Mukesi and Sylvester Rodgers Moyo
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:224
  35. The scientific publications of antimicrobial susceptibilities and resistance must be precise, with interpretations adjusted to the standard. In this frame, knowledge of antimicrobial resistance is fundamental ...

    Authors: Sandra M. Rincón-Gamboa, Raúl A. Poutou-Piñales and Ana K. Carrascal-Camacho
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:223
  36. Bovine mastitis is the most common infectious disease in dairy cattle with major economic implications for the dairy industry worldwide. Continuous monitoring for the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR...

    Authors: Satwik Majumder, Dongyun Jung, Jennifer Ronholm and Saji George
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:222

    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Microbiology 2021 21:241

  37. Staphylococci are important members of the human skin microbiome. Many staphylococcal species and strains are commensals of the healthy skin microbiota, while few play essential roles in skin diseases such as ...

    Authors: Charlotte Marie Ahle, Kristian Stødkilde-Jørgensen, Anja Poehlein, Wolfgang R. Streit, Jennifer Hüpeden and Holger Brüggemann
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:221
  38. The high incidence of bacterial genes that confer resistance to last-resort antibiotics, such as colistin, caused by mobilized colistin resistance (mcr) genes, poses an unprecedented threat to human health. Under...

    Authors: Bruno G. N. Andrade, Tobias Goris, Haithem Afli, Felipe H. Coutinho, Alberto M. R. Dávila and Rafael R. C. Cuadrat
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:220
  39. The intestinal microbiome in preterm infants differs markedly from term infants. It is unclear whether the microbiome develops over time according to infant specific factors.

    Authors: Fardou H. Heida, Elisabeth M. W. Kooi, Josef Wagner, Thi-Yen Nguyen, Jan B. F. Hulscher, Anne G. J. F. van Zoonen, Arend F. Bos, Hermie J. M. Harmsen and Marcus C. de Goffau
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:219
  40. Colorectal cancer which is related to genetic and environmental risk factors, is among the most prevalent life-threatening cancers. Although several pathogenic bacteria are associated with colorectal cancer et...

    Authors: Sara Ebrahimzadeh, Hossein Ahangari, Alireza Soleimanian, Kamran Hosseini, Vida Ebrahimi, Tohid Ghasemnejad, Saiedeh Razi Soofiyani, Vahideh Tarhriz and Shirin Eyvazi
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:218
  41. Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus, (GBS)) is the leading cause of mastitis (inflammation of the mammary gland) among dairy camels in Sub-Saharan Africa, with negative implications for milk productio...

    Authors: Dinah Seligsohn, Chiara Crestani, Taya L. Forde, Erika Chenais and Ruth N. Zadoks
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:217
  42. Rhizosphere soil is a crucial niche for the diverse beneficial microbial communities in plant-microbe interactions. This study explores the antagonistic potential and diversity of the rhizosphere soil bacteria...

    Authors: Jintu Dutta and Debajit Thakur
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:216
  43. Legionellosis is caused by the inhalation of aerosolized water contaminated with Legionella bacteria. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of Legionella species in aerosols collected from outdoor sites n...

    Authors: Jun-ichi Kanatani, Masanori Watahiki, Keiko Kimata, Tomoko Kato, Kaoru Uchida, Fumiaki Kura, Junko Amemura-Maekawa and Junko Isobe
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:215
  44. The natural hosts of Shigella are typically humans and other primates, but it has been shown that the host range of Shigella has expanded to many animals. Although Shigella is becoming a major threat to animals, ...

    Authors: Zhen Zhu, Weiwei Wang, Mingze Cao, Qiqi Zhu, Tenghe Ma, Yongying Zhang, Guanhui Liu, Xuzheng Zhou, Bing Li, Yuxiang Shi and Jiyu Zhang
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:214
  45. Burkholderia pseudomallei is the bacterial causative agent of melioidosis, a difficult disease to diagnose clinically with high mortality if not appropriately treated. Definitive diagnosis requires isolation and ...

    Authors: Wanitda Watthanaworawit, Tamalee Roberts, Jill Hopkins, Ian Gassiep, Robert Norton, Matthew T. Robinson, Joy Silisouk, Poda Sar, Sena Sao, Premjit Amornchai, Direk Limmathurotsakul, Vanaporn Wuthiekanun, Francois Nosten, Andrew J. H. Simpson, Paul Turner and Clare L. Ling
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:213
  46. A high carriage rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with the mecC gene (mecC-MRSA) has been described among Wild European hedgehogs (Europeaus erineaus). Due to this frequent occurrence, it has be...

    Authors: Faruk Dube, Robert Söderlund, Matilda Lampinen Salomonsson, Karin Troell and Stefan Börjesson
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2021 21:212

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