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  1. In the past decade, researchers have proposed that the pldA gene for outer membrane phospholipase A (OMPLA) is important for bacterial colonization of the human gastric ventricle. Several conserved Helicobacter p...

    Authors: Hilde S Vollan, Tone Tannæs, Yoshio Yamaoka and Geir Bukholm
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:206
  2. Interstitial Cystitis (IC) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the bladder with unknown etiology. The aim of this study was to characterize the microbial community present in the urine from IC female patien...

    Authors: Huma Siddiqui, Karin Lagesen, Alexander J Nederbragt, Stig L Jeansson and Kjetill S Jakobsen
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:205
  3. The genus Mycobacterium (M.) comprises highly pathogenic bacteria such as M. tuberculosis as well as environmental opportunistic bacteria called non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). While the incidence of tubercul...

    Authors: Faisal Asghar Khattak, Ashutosh Kumar, Elisabeth Kamal, Ralph Kunisch and Astrid Lewin
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:204
  4. Pockmarks (depressions in the seabed) have been discovered throughout the world’s oceans and are often related to hydrocarbon seepage. Although high concentrations of pockmarks are present in the seabed overla...

    Authors: Othilde Elise HÃ¥velsrud, Thomas HA Haverkamp, Tom Kristensen, Kjetill S Jakobsen and Anne Gunn Rike
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:203
  5. Small size eukaryotes play a fundamental role in the functioning of coastal ecosystems, however, the way in which these micro-organisms respond to combined effects of water temperature, UVB radiations (UVBR) a...

    Authors: Isabelle Domaizon, Cécile Lepère, Didier Debroas, Marc Bouvy, Jean Francois Ghiglione, Stephan Jacquet, Yvan Bettarel, Corinne Bouvier, Jean Pascal Torréton, Francesca Vidussi, Behzad Mostajir, Amy Kirkham, Emilie LeFloc’h, Eric Fouilland, Helene Montanié and Thierry Bouvier
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:202
  6. Klebsiella pneumoniae is an important opportunistic pathogen causing pneumonia, sepsis and urinary tract infections. Colonisation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a key step in the development of infections;...

    Authors: Erik J Boll, Lene N Nielsen, Karen A Krogfelt and Carsten Struve
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:201
  7. Sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid; NeuNAc) is one of the most important carbohydrates for Streptococcus pneumoniae due of its role as a carbon and energy source, receptor for adhesion and invasion and molecula...

    Authors: Luciana Gualdi, Jasvinder Kaur Hayre, Alice Gerlini, Alessandro Bidossi, Leonarda Colomba, Claudia Trappetti, Gianni Pozzi, Jean-Denis Docquier, Peter Andrew, Susanna Ricci and Marco R Oggioni
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:200
  8. Biogenic amines are molecules with allergenic properties. They are found in fermented products and are synthesized by lactic acid bacteria through the decarboxylation of amino acids present in the food matrix....

    Authors: Maryse Bonnin-Jusserand, Cosette Grandvalet, Aurélie Rieu, Stéphanie Weidmann and Hervé Alexandre
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:199
  9. Pelgipeptin, a potent antibacterial and antifungal agent, is a non-ribosomally synthesised lipopeptide antibiotic. This compound consists of a β-hydroxy fatty acid and nine amino acids. To date, there is no in...

    Authors: Chao-Dong Qian, Tian-Zhe Liu, Shuang-Lin Zhou, Rui Ding, Wen-Peng Zhao, Ou Li and Xue-Chang Wu
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:197
  10. Biofilm production is an important mechanism for bacterial survival and its association with antimicrobial resistance represents a challenge for the patient treatment. In this study we evaluated the in vitro acti...

    Authors: Larissa Lutz, Dariane Castro Pereira, Rodrigo Minuto Paiva, Alexandre Prehn Zavascki and Afonso Luis Barth
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:196
  11. Adaptive responses in fungi result from the interaction of membrane receptors and extracellular ligands. Many different classes of receptors have been described in eukaryotic cells. Recently a new family of re...

    Authors: Waleska Gonzalez-Velazquez, Ricardo Gonzalez-Mendez and Nuri Rodriguez-del Valle
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:194
  12. Copper mining has led to Cu pollution in agricultural soils. In this report, the effects of Cu pollution on bacterial communities of agricultural soils from Valparaiso region, central Chile, were studied. Dena...

    Authors: Fabiola Altimira, Carolina Yáñez, Guillermo Bravo, Myriam González, Luis A Rojas and Michael Seeger
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:193
  13. Monoterpenes present a large and versatile group of unsaturated hydrocarbons of plant origin with widespread use in the fragrance as well as food industry. The anaerobic β-myrcene degradation pathway in Castellan...

    Authors: Frauke Lüddeke, Aytac Dikfidan and Jens Harder
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:192
  14. Monitoring drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis is essential to curb the spread of tuberculosis (TB). Unfortunately, drug susceptibility testing is currently not available in Papua New Guinea (PNG) and t...

    Authors: Marie Ballif, Paul Harino, Serej Ley, Mireia Coscolla, Stefan Niemann, Robyn Carter, Christopher Coulter, Sonia Borrell, Peter Siba, Suparat Phuanukoonnon, Sebastien Gagneux and Hans-Peter Beck
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:191
  15. Bacteroides fragilis and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron are members of the normal human intestinal microbiota. However, both organisms are capable of causing opportunistic infections, during which the environmental...

    Authors: Roibeard F Thornton, Elizabeth C Murphy, Todd F Kagawa, Paul W O’Toole and Jakki C Cooney
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:190
  16. The central role of Type III secretion systems (T3SS) in bacteria-plant interactions is well established, yet unexpected findings are being uncovered through bacterial genome sequencing. Some Pseudomonas syringae

    Authors: Anastasia D Gazi, Panagiotis F Sarris, Vasiliki E Fadouloglou, Spyridoula N Charova, Nikolaos Mathioudakis, Nicholas J Panopoulos and Michael Kokkinidis
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:188
  17. The S. mutans LrgA/B holin-like proteins have been shown to affect biofilm formation and oxidative stress tolerance, and are regulated by oxygenation, glucose levels, and by the LytST two-component system. In thi...

    Authors: Sang-Joon Ahn, Ming-Da Qu, Elisha Roberts, Robert A Burne and Kelly C Rice
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:187
  18. Mangrove forests are coastal wetlands that provide vital ecosystem services and serve as barriers against natural disasters like tsunamis, hurricanes and tropical storms. Mangroves harbour a large diversity of...

    Authors: Luiza L Andrade, Deborah CA Leite, Edir M Ferreira, Lívia Q Ferreira, Geraldo R Paula, Michael J Maguire, Casey RJ Hubert, Raquel S Peixoto, Regina MCP Domingues and Alexandre S Rosado
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:186
  19. In this study mass spectrometry was used for evaluating extracted leptospiral protein samples and results were compared with molecular typing methods. For this, an extraction protocol for Leptospira spp. was inde...

    Authors: Anna Rettinger, Inke Krupka, Karola Grünwald, Viktor Dyachenko, Volker Fingerle, Regina Konrad, Heribert Raschel, Ulrich Busch, Andreas Sing, Reinhard K Straubinger and Ingrid Huber
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:185
  20. The prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in 755 skinless, boneless retail broiler meat samples (breast, tenderloins and thighs) collected from food stores in Alabama, USA, from 2005 through 2011 was examined. Campylo...

    Authors: Aretha Williams and Omar A Oyarzabal
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:184
  21. Amebic dysentery is caused by the protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica and the ingestion of quadrinucleate cyst of E. histolytica from fecally contaminated food or water initiates infection. Excystation occur...

    Authors: Anil Kumar Verma, Ravi Verma, Vineet Ahuja and Jaishree Paul
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:183
  22. Two important plant pathogenic bacteria Acidovorax oryzae and Acidovorax citrulli are closely related and often not easy to be differentiated from each other, which often resulted in a false identification betwee...

    Authors: Yanli Wang, Qing Zhou, Bin Li, Baoping Liu, Guoxing Wu, Muhammad Ibrahim, Guanlin Xie, Hongye Li and Guochang Sun
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:182
  23. The accumulation of thick stagnant mucus provides a suitable environment for the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus within the lung alveoli of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. These infectio...

    Authors: Cecily L Haley, Jane A Colmer-Hamood and Abdul N Hamood
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:181
  24. Clostridium thermocellum is an anaerobic thermophilic bacterium that exhibits high levels of cellulose solublization and produces ethanol as an end product of its metabolism. Using cellulosic biomass as a feedsto...

    Authors: Elizabeth B Mearls, Javier A Izquierdo and Lee R Lynd
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:180
  25. The cell envelope of a bacterial pathogen can be damaged by harsh conditions in the environment outside a host and by immune factors during infection. Cell envelope stress responses preserve the integrity of t...

    Authors: Sarah E Barchinger, Xuqing Zhang, Sara E Hester, Maria E Rodriguez, Eric T Harvill and Sarah E Ades
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:179
  26. Bacteria grown on semi-solid media can build two types of multicellular structures, depending on the circumstances. Bodies (colonies) arise when a single clone is grown axenically (germ-free), whereas multispe...

    Authors: Irena Pátková, Jaroslav J Čepl, Tomáš Rieger, Anna Blahůšková, Zdeněk Neubauer and Anton Markoš
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:178
  27. In eukaryotes, variation in gene copy numbers is often associated with deleterious effects, but may also have positive effects. For prokaryotes, studies on gene copy number variation are rare. Previous studies...

    Authors: Bettina E Schirrmeister, Daniel A Dalquen, Maria Anisimova and Homayoun C Bagheri
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:177
  28. Chlamydia trachomatis is an intracellular bacterium that resides in the conjunctival and reproductive tract mucosae and is responsible for an array of acute and chronic diseases. A percentage of these infections ...

    Authors: Cassandra J Wasson, Jessica L Zourelias, Nathan A Aardsma, Janis T Eells, Mike T Ganger, Justine M Schober and Troy A Skwor
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:176
  29. Helicobacter pylori causes acute and chronic gastric inflammation induced by proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines secreted by cells of the gastric mucosa, including gastric epithelial cells. Previous studies ...

    Authors: Songhee H Kim, Rosa A Sierra, David J McGee and Jovanny Zabaleta
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:175
  30. During the transmission route from poultry to the human host, the major foodborne pathogen C. jejuni may experience many types of stresses, including low pH caused by different acids. However, not all strains are...

    Authors: Tina Birk, Monica Takamiya Wik, René Lametsch and Susanne Knøchel
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:174
  31. An important virulence factor of Klebsiella pneumoniae is the production of capsular polysaccharide (CPS), a thick mucus layer that allows for evasion of the host's defense and creates a barrier against antibacte...

    Authors: Pablo Ivan Pereira Ramos, Renata Cristina Picão, Eliana Carolina Vespero, Marsileni Pelisson, Luiz Fernando Goda Zuleta, Luiz Gonzaga P Almeida, Alexandra L Gerber, Ana Tereza R Vasconcelos, Ana Cristina Gales and Marisa Fabiana Nicolás
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:173
  32. The type IV secretion system (T4SS) can be classified as a large family of macromolecule transporter systems, divided into three recognized sub-families, according to the well-known functions. The major sub-fa...

    Authors: Rangel C Souza, Guadalupe del Rosario Quispe Saji, Maiana OC Costa, Diogo S Netto, Nicholas CB Lima, Cecília C Klein, Ana Tereza R Vasconcelos and Marisa F Nicolás
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:172
  33. Campylobacter jejuni, the most leading cause for bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide, shows a high genetic diversity among its isolates. Recently, we demonstrated the existence of six C. jejuni-groups by combinin...

    Authors: Andreas E Zautner, Carolin Ohk, Abdul Malik Tareen, Raimond Lugert and Uwe Groß
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:171
  34. Sugarcane cultivation plays an important role in Brazilian economy, and it is expanding fast, mainly due to the increasing demand for ethanol production. In order to understand the impact of sugarcane cultivat...

    Authors: Caio TCC Rachid, Marisa C Piccolo, Deborah Catharine A Leite, Fabiano C Balieiro, Heitor Luiz C Coutinho, Jan Dirk van Elsas, Raquel S Peixoto and Alexandre S Rosado
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:170
  35. Several reports have associated Staphylococcus lugdunensis with the incidence of severe infection in humans; however, the frequency and prevalence of this microorganism and thus the propensity of its antimicrobia...

    Authors: Chaojun Liu, Dingxia Shen, Jing Guo, Kaifei Wang, Huan Wang, Zhongqiang Yan, Rong Chen and Liyan Ye
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:168
  36. B. bronchiseptica infections are usually associated with wild or domesticated animals, but infrequently with humans. A recent phylogenetic analysis distinguished two distinct B. bronchiseptica subpopulations, des...

    Authors: Umesh Ahuja, Minghsun Liu, Shuta Tomida, Jihye Park, Puneet Souda, Julian Whitelegge, Huiying Li, Eric T Harvill, Julian Parkhill and Jeff F Miller
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:167
  37. Tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis or Mycobacterium bovis, remains one of the leading infectious diseases worldwide. The ability of mycobacteria to rapidly grow in host macrophages is a factor con...

    Authors: Marcelle RM Andrade, Eduardo P Amaral, Simone CM Ribeiro, Fabricio M Almeida, Tanara V Peres, Verônica Lanes, Maria Regina D’Império-Lima and Elena B Lasunskaia
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:166
  38. Mycobacterium tuberculosis differs from most pathogens in its ability to multiply inside monocytes and to persist during long periods of time within granuloma in a status of latency. A class of proteins called my...

    Authors: Ralph Kunisch, Elisabeth Kamal and Astrid Lewin
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:165
  39. Studies on mycorrhiza associated bacteria suggest that bacterial-fungal interactions play important roles during mycorrhiza formation and affect plant health. We surveyed Streptomyces Actinobacteria, known as ant...

    Authors: Silvia D Schrey, Eric Erkenbrack, Elisabeth Früh, Svenja Fengler, Kerstin Hommel, Nadine Horlacher, Dirk Schulz, Margret Ecke, Andreas Kulik, Hans-Peter Fiedler, Rüdiger Hampp and Mika T Tarkka
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:164
  40. Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a major causative agent of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD), and infection of EV71 to central nerve system (CNS) may result in a high mortality in children less than 2 years old. Alt...

    Authors: Pei-Yi Su, Yueh-Tung Liu, Hsin-Yueh Chang, Sheng-Wen Huang, Ya-Fang Wang, Chun-Keung Yu, Jen-Ren Wang and Chuan-Fa Chang
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:162
  41. Sialic acids are negatively charged nine carbon backbone sugars expressed on mammalian cell surfaces. Sialic acids are part of a larger family of nonulosonic acid (NulO) molecules that includes pseudaminic and...

    Authors: Jessica Ricaldi N, Michael A Matthias, Joseph M Vinetz and Amanda L Lewis
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:161
  42. The shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) O104:H4 caused a major outbreak in Germany in spring 2011. STEC are usually susceptible to common antibiotics. However, antibiotic treatment of STEC-infected patients is n...

    Authors: Diana Corogeanu, Ruben Willmes, Martina Wolke, Georg Plum, Olaf Utermöhlen and Martin Krönke
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:160
  43. adhC from Haemophilus influenzae encodes a glutathione-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase that has previously been shown to be required for protection against killing by S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO). This group of en...

    Authors: Stephen P Kidd, Donald Jiang, Alexandra Tikhomirova, Michael P Jennings and Alastair G McEwan
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:159
  44. The structure and function of human gut microbiota is currently inferred from metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analyses. Recovery of intact DNA and RNA is therefore a critical step in these studies. Here, we...

    Authors: Silvia Cardona, Anat Eck, Montserrat Cassellas, Milagros Gallart, Carmen Alastrue, Joel Dore, Fernando Azpiroz, Joaquim Roca, Francisco Guarner and Chaysavanh Manichanh
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:158
  45. Lyme disease in the United States is caused primarily by B. burgdorferi sensu stricto while other species are also prevalent in Europe. Genetic techniques have identified several chromosomal and plasmid-borne reg...

    Authors: Kamfai Chan, Mehwish Awan, Stephen W Barthold and Nikhat Parveen
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2012 12:157

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