Boyce JM, Landry M, Deetz TR, DuPont HL: Epidemiologic studies of an outbreak of nosocomial methicillin-resistantS. aureusinfections.Infect Control 1981, 2:110–116.,
Kluytmans J, Von Belkum A, Verburgh H: Nasal carriage ofStaphylococcus aureus:epidemiology, underlying mechanisms, and associated risks.Clin Microbiol Rev 1997, 10:505–520.,
von Eiff C, Becker K, Machka K, Stammer H, Peters G: Hospital and community-acquired methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureusin Germany.Clin Microbiol Infect 2006, 12(Suppl 4):461.,
Weems JJ, Beck LB: Nasal carriage ofStaphylococcus aureusas a risk factor for skin and soft tissue infections.Current Infectious Disease Reports 2002, 4(5):420–425.,
Ammerlaan HS, Kluytmans JA, Wertheim HF, Nouwen JL, Bonten MJ: Eradication of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureuscarriage: a systematic review.Clin Infect Dis 2009, 48:922–930.,
Doebbeling BN, Reagan DR, Pfaller MA, Houston AK, Hollis RJ, Wenzel RP: Long-term efficacy of intranasal mupirocin ointment. A prospective cohort study ofStaphylococcus aureuscarriage.Arch Intern Med 1994, 54:1505–1508.,
Fernandez C, Gaspar C, Torrellas A, Vindel A, Saez-Nieto JA, Cruzet F, Aguilar L: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of mupirocin calcium ointment for eliminating nasal carriage ofStaphylococcus aureusamong hospital personnel.J Antimicrob Chemother 1995, 35:399–408.,
Wills QF, Kerrigan C, Soothill JS: Experimental bacteriophage protection againstStaphylococcus aureusabscesses in a rabbit model.Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2005, 49:1220–1221.,
Capparelli R, Parlato M, Borriello G, Salvatore P, Iannelli D: Experimental phage therapy againstStaphylococcus aureusin mice.Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2007, 51:2765–2773.,
Sunagar R, Patil SA, Chandrakanth RK: Bacteriophage therapy forStaphylococcus aureusbacteremia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.Research in Microbiol 2010, 161(10):854–860.,
Hsieh SE, Lo HH, Chen ST, Lee MC, Tseng YH: Wide host range and strong lytic activity ofStaphylococcus aureuslytic phage Stau2.Appl Environ Microbiol 2011, 77(3):756–761.,
VinodKumar CS, Srinivasa H, Basavarajappa KG, Patil U, Bandekar N, Patil R: Abrogation ofStaphylococcus aureuswound infection by bacteriophage in diabetic rats.Int J Pharm Sci and Drug Res 2011, 3(3):202–207.,
Chhibber S, Kaur T, Kaur S: Co-therapy using lytic bacteriophage and linezolid: effective treatment in eliminating methicillin resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) from diabetic foot infections.Plos One 2013, 8(2):e65022.,
Bedi MS, Verma V, Chhibber S: Amoxicillin and specific bacteriophage can be used together for eradication of biofilm ofKlebsiella pneumoniaeB5055.World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2009, 25:1145–1151.,
Wayne PA: Methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bacteria that grow aerobically (Approved standard), 9
th
edition M7-A9. ᅟ: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2012.,
Grubb BR, Vick RN, Boucher RC: Hyperabsorption of Na+and raised Ca(2+)mediated Cl−secretion in nasal epithelia of CF mice.Am J Physiol 1994, 266:1478–1483.,
El-Housseiny GS, Aboulwafa MM, Hassouna NA: Adherence, invasion and cytotoxicity of some bacterial pathogens. J of Am Sci. 2010, 6 (10): 260-268.
Google Scholar
Saliba AM, Filloux A, Ball G, Silva ASV, Assis MC, Plotkowski MC: Type III secretion-mediated killing of endothelial cells byPseudomonas aeruginosa.Microbial Pathogenesis 2002, 33(4):153–166.,
O’Neill AJ, Cove JH, Chopra I: Mutation frequencies for resistance to fusidic acid and rifampicin inStaphylococcus aureus.J Antimicrob Chemother 2001, 47:647–650.,
Kaur S, Chhibber S, Harjai K: Methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureusphage plaque size enhancement using sub-lethal concentrations of antibiotics.Appl Environ Microbiol 2012, 78:8227–8233.,
Greenberger MJ, Strieter RM, Kunkel SL, Danforth JM, Laichalk LL, McGillicuddy DC, Standiford TJ: Neutralization of macrophage inflammatory protein-2 attenuates neutrophil recruitment and bacterial clearance in murineKlebsiellapnenumonia.J Infect Dis 1996, 173:159–165.,
Brans TA, Dutrieux RP, Hoekstra MJ, Kreis RW, Du Pont JS: Histopathological evaluation of scalds and contact burns in the pig model. Burns. 1994, 20: 548-551.
Google Scholar
Gould JC, Smith JH, Moncur H: Mupirocin in General Practice: a placebo controlled trial. International Congress and Symposium Series. Number 80. Mupirocin, A Novel Topical Antibiotic. Edited by: Wilkinson DS, Price JD. 1984, Royal Society of Medicine, London, 85-93.
Google Scholar
Coia JE, Duckworth GJ, Edwards DI, Farrington M, Fry C, Humphreys H, Mallaghan C, Tucker DR: Guidelines for the control and prevention of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) in healthcare facilities.J Hosp Infect 2006, 63(Suppl 1):S1–S44.,
Fujimura S, Watanabe A: Survey of high- and low-level mupirocin-resistant strains of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureusin 15 Japanese hospitals.Chemotherapy 2003, 49:36–38.,
Walker ES, Vasquez JE, Dula R, Bullock H, Sarubbi FA: Mupirocin-resistant, methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus: does mupirocin remain effective?Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2003, 24:342–346.,
Jones JC, Rogers TJ, Brookmeyer P, Dunne WM Jr, Storch GA, Coopersmith CM, Fraser VJ, Warren DK: Mupirocin resistance in patients colonized with methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureusin a surgical intensive care unit.Clin Infect Dis 2007, 45:541–547.,
Simor AE, Tammy L, Stuart TL, Louie L, Watt C, Marianne Ofner-Agostini M, Denise Gravel D, Michael Mulvey M, Loeb M, McGeer A, Bryce E, Matlow A: Mupirocin-resistant, methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureusstrains in Canadian hospitals.Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2007, 51:3880–3886.,
Aly R, Shinefield HR, Litz C, Maibach HI: Role of teichoic acid in the binding ofStaphylococcus aureusto nasal epithelial cells.J Infect Dis 1980, 141:463–465.,
Patti JM, Allen BL, McGavin MJ, Hook M: MSCRAMM-mediated adherence of microorganisms to host tissues. Annu Rev Microbiol. 1994, 48: 585-617. 10.1146/annurev.mi.48.100194.003101.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
O’Brien LM, Walsh EJ, Massey RC, Peacock SJ, Foster TJ: Staphylococcus aureusclumping factor B (ClfB) promotes adherence to human type I cytokeratin 10: implications for nasal colonization.Cell Microbiol 2002, 4:759–770.,
Roche FM, Meehan M, Foster TJ: TheStaphylococcus aureussurface protein SasG and its homologues promote bacterial adherence to human desquamated nasal epithelial cells.Microbiology 2003, 149:2759–2767.,
Weidenmaier C, Kokai-Kun JF, Kristian SA, Chanturiya T, Kalbacher H, Gross M, Nicholson G, Neumeister B, Mond JJ, Peschel A: Role of techoic acids inStaphylococcus aureusnasal colonization, a major risk factor in nosocomial infections.Nat Med 2004, 10:243–245.,
Wertheim HF, Vos MC, Boelens HA, Voss A, Vandenbroucke-Grauls CM, Meester MH, Kluytmans JA, van Keulen PH, Verbrugh HA: Low prevalence of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) at hospital admission in the Netherlands: the value of search and destroy and restrictive antibiotic use.J Hosp Infect 2004, 56:321–325.,
Coates T, Bax R, Coates A: Nasal decolonization ofStaphylococcus aureuswith mupirocin: strengths, weaknesses and future prospects.J Antimicrob Chemother 2009, 64:9–15.,
Dziewanowska K, Patti JM, Deobald CF, Bayles KW, Trumble WR, Bohach GA: Fibronectin binding protein and host cell tyrosine kinase are required for internalization ofStaphylococcus aureusby epithelial cells.Infect Immun 1999, 67:4673–4678.,
Jevon M, Guo C, Ma B, Mordan N, Nair SP, Harris M, Henderson B, Bentley G, Meghji S: Mechanisms of internalization ofStaphylococcus aureusby cultured human osteoblasts.Infect Immun 1999, 67:2677–2681.,
Lammers A, Nuijten PJM, Smith HE: The fibronectin binding proteins ofStaphylococcus aureusare required for adhesion to and invasion of bovine mammary gland cells.FEMS Microbiol Lett 1999, 180:103–109.,
Dziewanowska K, Carson AR, Patti JM, Deobald CF, Bayles KW, Bohach GA: Staphylococcal fibronectin binding protein interacts with heat shock protein 60 and integrins: role in internalization by epithelial cells. Infect Immun. 2000, 68: 6321-6328. 10.1128/IAI.68.11.6321-6328.2000.
Article
PubMed Central
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Alexander EH, Hudson MC: Factors influencing the internalization of Staphylococcus aureus and impacts on the course of infections in humans. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2001, 56: 361-366. 10.1007/s002530100703.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Massey RC, Kantzanou MN, Fowler T, Day NP, Schofield K, Wann ER, Berendt AR, Hook M, Peacock SJ: Fibronectin‐binding protein A ofStaphylococcus aureushas multiple, substituting, binding regions that mediate adherence to fibronectin and invasion of endothelial cells.Cell Microbiol 2001, 3:839–851.,
Lowy FD: IsStaphylococcus aureusan intracellular pathogen?Trends Microbiol 2000, 8:341–343.,
Sachse F, Becker K, von Eiff C, Metze D, Rudack C: Staphylococcus aureusinvades the epithelium in nasal polyposis and induces IL-6 in nasal epithelial cellsin vitro.Allergy 2010, 65(11):1430–1437.,
Clement S, Vaudaux P, Francois P, Schrenzel J, Huggler E, Kampf S, Chaponnier C, Lew D, Lacroix JS: Evidence of an intracellular reservoir in the nasal mucosa of patients with recurrentStaphylococcus aureusrhinosinositis.J Infect Dis 2005, 192:1023–1028.,
Sinha B, Francois PP, Nusse O, Foti M, Hartford OM, Vaudaux F, Foster TJ, Lew DF, Herrmann M, Krause KH: Fibronectin‐binding protein acts asStaphylococcus aureusinvasin via fibronectin bridging to integrin alpha5beta1.Cell Microbiol 1999, 1:101–118.,
Fowler T, Wann ER, Joh D, Johansson S, Foster TJ, Hook M: Cellular invasion by Staphylococcus aureus involves a fibronectin bridge between the bacterial fibronectin-binding MSCRAMMs and host cell beta1 integrins. Eur J Cell Biol. 2000, 79: 672-679. 10.1078/0171-9335-00104.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Agerer F, Michel A, Ohlsen K, Hauck CR: Integrin‐mediated invasion ofStaphylococcus aureusinto human cells requires Src family protein‐tyrosine kinases.J Biol Chem 2003, 278:42524–42531.,
Fowler T, Johansson S, Wary KK, Hook M: Src kinase has a central role inin vitrocellular internalization ofStaphylococcus aureus.Cell Microbiol 2003, 5:417–426.,
Clem: Bacteriophage for the elimination of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization and infection. ᅟ: Graduate School Theses and Dissertations; ᅟ. ., [http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/2485]
Partridge SR: Analysis of antibiotic resistance regions in Gram-negative bacteria. FEMS Microbiol Reviews. 2011, 35: 820-855. 10.1111/j.1574-6976.2011.00277.x.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Fenton M, Casey PG, Hill C, Gahan CG, Ross RP, McAuliffe O, O’Mahony J, Maher F, Coffey A: The truncated phage lysine CHAPkeliminatesStaphylococcus aureusin the nares of mice.Bioengineered Bugs 2010, 1:404–407.,
Paul VD, Rajagopalan SS, Sundarrajan S, George SE, Asrani JY, Pillai R, Chikkamadaiah R, Durgaiah M, Sriram B, Padmanabhan S: A novel bacteriophage Tail-Associated Muralytic Enzyme (TAME) from Phage K and its development into a potent anti-staphylococcal protein. BMC Microbiol. 2011, 11: 226-10.1186/1471-2180-11-226.
Article
PubMed Central
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Carlton RM: Phage therapy: past history and future prospects. Arch Immun Ther Exp. 1999, 47: 267-274.
CAS
Google Scholar
Sulakvelidze A, Morris JG: Bacteriophages as therapeutic agents. Ann Med. 2001, 33: 507-509. 10.3109/07853890108995959.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ritz HL, Kirkland JJ, Bond GG, Warner EK, Petty GP: Association of high levels of serum antibody to staphylococcal toxic shock antigen with nasal carriage of toxic shock antigen producing strains ofStaphylococcus aureus.Infect Immun 1984, 43:954–958.,
Kaliner MA: Human nasal respiratory secretions and host defense. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1991, 144: S52-S56.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rigby KM, DeLeo FR: Neutrophils in innate host defense againstStaphylococcus aureusinfections.Semin Immunopath 2012, 34(2):237–259.,