Kahl A: Die Infusorien (Ciliata) der Oldesloer Salzwasserstellen. Arch Hydrobiol. 1928, 19: 50-123.
Google Scholar
Borror AC: Tidal marsh ciliates (Protozoa: morphology, ecology and systematics). Acta Protozool. 1972, 10: 29-71.
Google Scholar
Czapik A, Jordan A: Les ciliés psammophiles de la mer Baltique aux environs de Gdánsk. Partie I. Acta Protozool. 1976, 15: 423-446.
Google Scholar
Dragesco J, Dragesco-Kernéis A: Cilies libres de l’Afrique intertropicale. Faune Tropicale. 1986, 26: 1-559.
Google Scholar
Fauré-Fremiet E, Tuffrau M: Sonderia labiata, n. sp., cilié trichostome psammobie. Hydrobiologia. 1955, 7: 210-218. 10.1007/BF00046691.
Article
Google Scholar
Fenchel T: The ecology of marine microbenthos. IV. Structure and function of the benthic ecosystem, its chemical and physical factors and the microfauna communities with special reference to the ciliated protozoa. Ophelia. 1969, 6: 1-182. 10.1080/00785326.1969.10409647.
Article
Google Scholar
Kirby H: Some ciliates from salt marshes in California. Arch Protistenkd. 1934, 82: 114-133.
Google Scholar
Modeo L, Fokin SI, Ferrantini F, Rosati G, Verni F: Morphological and ultrastructural study on the plagiopylid ciliate Sonderia sp. Kahl, 1928. J Eukaryot Microbiol. 2007, 54: 76a-
Google Scholar
Sola A, Guinea A, Longás JF, Fernández-Galiano D: Quelques observations sur le cilie Sonderia sinuata Kahl, 1931 (Ciliophora, Trichostomatida). Arch Protistenkd. 1989, 137: 1-8. 10.1016/S0003-9365(89)80035-1.
Article
Google Scholar
Corliss JO: The ciliated protozoa. Characterization, classification, and guide to the literature. 1979, Oxford, New York, Toronto, Sydney, Paris, Frankfurt: Pergamon Press, 2
Google Scholar
Kahl A: Urtiere oder Protozoa. 1: Wimpertiere oder Ciliata (Infusoria). 2. Holotricha außer den im 1. Teil behandeiten Prostomata. Tierwelt Dtl. 1931, 21: 181-398.
Google Scholar
Lynn DH: The ciliated protozoa. Characterization, classification, and guide to the literature. 2008, Germany: Springer, 3
Google Scholar
Lynn DH, Small EB: Phylum Ciliophora. An illustrated guide to the Protozoa. Edited by: Lee JJ, Hutner SH, Bovee EC. 2000, Lawrence (KS), USA: Allen Press, 371-655. 2
Google Scholar
Fauré-Fremiet E: Le genre Parasonderia n. g. C R Acad Sci. 1973, 276: 2011-2014.
Google Scholar
Jankowski AW: Phylum Ciliophora Doflein, 1901. Handbook on Zoology, Part 2. Protista. Edited by: Alimov AF. 2007, St. Petersburg: Zoological Institute Press, Russian Academy of Sciences, 415-993. In Russian with English summary
Google Scholar
Xu Y, Shao C, Miao M, Song W: Redescription of Parasonderia vestita (Kahl, 1928) comb. nov. (Ciliophora, Plagiopylida), with notes on its phylogeny based on SSU rRNA gene. Eur J Protistol. 10.1016/j.ejop.2012.03.001. in press
Aescht E: Catalogue of the generic names of ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora). Denisia. 2001, 1: 1-350.
Google Scholar
Foissner W, Wenzel F: Life and legacy of an outstanding ciliate taxonomist, Alfred Kahl (1877–1946), including a facsimile of his forgotten monograph from 1943. Acta Protozool. 2004, 43 (Suppl): 3-69.
Google Scholar
Embley TM, Finlay BJ, Dyal PL, Hirt RP, Wilkinson M, Williams AG: Multiple origins of anaerobic ciliates with hydrogenosomes within the radiation of aerobic ciliates. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1995, 262: 87-93. 10.1098/rspb.1995.0180.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Zhang Q, Simpson A, Song W: Insights into the phylogeny of the systematically controversial haptorian ciliates (Ciliophora, Litostomatea) based on multigene analyses. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2012, 279: 2625-2635. 10.1098/rspb.2011.2688.
Article
Google Scholar
Lynn DH, Strüder-Kypke M: Phylogenetic position of Licnophora, Lechriopyla, and Schizocaryum, three unusual ciliates (Phylum Ciliophora) endosymbiotic in echinoderms (Phylum Echinodermata). J Eukaryot Microbiol. 2002, 49: 460-468. 10.1111/j.1550-7408.2002.tb00229.x.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Baumgartner M, Stetter KO, Foissner W: Morphological, small subunit rRNA, and physiological characterization of Trimyema minutum Kahl, 1931, an anaerobic ciliate from submarine hydrothermal vents growing from 28°C to 52°C. J Eukaryot Microbiol. 2002, 49: 227-238. 10.1111/j.1550-7408.2002.tb00527.x.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Shinzato N, Watanabe I, Meng XY, Sekiguchi Y, Tamaki H, Matsui T, Kamagata Y: Phylogenetic analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization detection of archaeal and bacterial endosymbionts in the anaerobic ciliate Trimyema compressum. Microb Ecol. 2007, 54: 627-636. 10.1007/s00248-007-9218-1.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Cho BC, Park JS, Xu K, Choi JK: Morphology and molecular phylogeny of Trimyema koreanum n. sp., a ciliate from the hypersaline water of a solar saltern. J Eukaryot Microbiol. 2008, 55: 417-426. 10.1111/j.1550-7408.2008.00340.x.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Stoeck T, Foissner W, Lynn DH: Small-subunit rRNA phylogenies suggest that Epalxella antiquorum (Penard, 1922) Corliss, 1960 (Ciliophora, Odontostomatida) is a member of the Plagiopylea. J Eukaryot Microbiol. 2007, 54: 436-442. 10.1111/j.1550-7408.2007.00283.x.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Skovorodkin IN: A device for immobilization of small biological objects during light microscopical observation. Tsitologiia. 1990, 32: 87-91. In Russian with English summary
Google Scholar
Foissner W: Colpodea (Ciliophora). 1993, Stuttgart, Jena, New York: Gustav Fisher Verlag
Google Scholar
Corliss JO: Silver impregnation of ciliated protozoa by the Chatton-Lwoff technique. Stain Technol. 1953, 28: 97-100.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Modeo L, Rosati G, Andreoli I, Gabrielli G, Verni F, Petroni G: Molecular systematics and ultrastructural characterization of a forgotten species: Chattonidium setense (Ciliophora, Heterotrichea). Proc Jpn Acad B Phys. 2006, 82: 359-374. 10.2183/pjab.82.359.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Finlay BJ, Fenchel T: Hydrogenosomes in some anaerobic protozoa resemble mitochondria. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1989, 65: 311-314. 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1989.tb03679.x.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Finlay BJ, Fenchel T: An aerobic protozoon, with symbiotic methanogens, living in municipal landfill material. FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 1991, 85: 169-180.
Article
Google Scholar
Ferrantini F, Fokin SI, Modeo L, Andreoli I, Dini F, Görtz H-D, Verni F, Petroni G: “Candidatus Cryptoprodotis polytropus”, a novel Rickettsia-like organism in the ciliated protist Pseudomicrothorax dubius (Ciliophora, Nassophorea). J Eukaryot Microbiol. 2009, 56: 119-129. 10.1111/j.1550-7408.2008.00377.x.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Amann RI, Krumholz I, Stahl DA: Fluorescent oligonucleotide probing of whole cells for determinative, phylogenetic, and environmental studies in microbiology. J Bacteriol. 1990, 172: 716-770.
Google Scholar
Stahl DA, Amann R: Development and application of nucleic acid probes. Nucleic acid techniques in bacterial systematics. Edited by: Stackebrandt E, Goodfellow M. 1991, Chichester, United Kingdom: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 205-248.
Google Scholar
Medlin L, Elwood HJ, Stickel S, Sogin ML: The characterization of enzymatically amplified 16S-like rRNA-coding regions. Gene. 1988, 71: 491-499. 10.1016/0378-1119(88)90066-2.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Petroni G, Dini F, Verni F, Rosati G: A molecular approach to the tangled intrageneric relationships underlying phylogeny in Euplotes (Ciliophora, Spirotrichea). Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2002, 22: 118-130. 10.1006/mpev.2001.1030.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Rosati G, Modeo L, Melai M, Petroni G, Verni F: A multidisciplinary approach to describe protists: a morphological, ultrastructural, and molecular study on Peritromus kahli Villeneuve-Brachon, 1940 (Ciliophora, Heterotrichea). J Eukaryot Microbiol. 2004, 51: 49-59. 10.1111/j.1550-7408.2004.tb00160.x.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Pruesse E, Quast C, Knittel K, Fuchs B, Ludwig W, Peplies J, Glöckner FO: SILVA: a comprehensive online resource for quality checked and aligned ribosomal RNA sequence data compatible with ARB. Nucleic Acids Res. 2007, 35: 7188-7196. 10.1093/nar/gkm864.
Article
PubMed
CAS
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Ludwig W, Strunk O, Westram R, Richter L, Meier H, Yadhukumar , Buchner A, Lai T, Steppi S, Jobb G, Förster W, Brettske I, Gerber S, Ginhart AW, Gross O, Grumann S, Hermann S, Jost R, König A, Liss T, Grumann S, Hermann S, Jost R, König A, Liss T, Lüßmann R, May M, Nonhoff B, Reichel B, Strehlow R, Stamatakis A, Stuckmann N, Vilbig A, Lenke M, Ludwig T, Bode A, Schleifer KH: ARB: a software environment for sequence data. Nucleic Acids Res. 2004, 32: 1363-1371. 10.1093/nar/gkh293.
Article
PubMed
CAS
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Guindon S, Gascuel O: A simple, fast, and accurate algorithm to estimate large phylogenies by maximum likelihood. Syst Biol. 2003, 52: 696-704. 10.1080/10635150390235520.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Posada D: jModelTest: phylogenetic model averaging. Mol Biol Evol. 2008, 25: 1253-1256. 10.1093/molbev/msn083.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Schmidt HA, Strimmer K, Vingron M, von Haeseler A: TREE-PUZZLE: Maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis using quartets and parallel computing. Bioinformatics. 2002, 18: 502-504. 10.1093/bioinformatics/18.3.502.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Huelsenbeck JP, Ronquist F: MRBAYES: Bayesian inference of phylogenetic trees. Bioinformatics. 2001, 17: 754-755. 10.1093/bioinformatics/17.8.754.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Small EB, Lynn DH: An illustrated guide to the Protozoa. Edited by: Lee JJ, Hutner SH, Bovee EC. 1985, Kansas, USA: Society of Protozoologists, Lawrence, 393-575.
Google Scholar
Al-Rasheid KAS: New records of interstitial ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora) from the Saudi coasts of the Red Sea. Trop Zool. 2001, 14: 133-156.
Article
Google Scholar
Fenchel T, Perry T, Thane A: Anaerobiosis and symbiosis with bacteria in free-living ciliates. J Protozool. 1977, 24: 154-163.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Berger J, Lynn DH: Somatic and oral cortical ultrastructure of the plagiopylid ciliates Lechriopyla mystax Lynch, 1930 and Plagiopyla minuta Powers, 1933. J Protozool. 1984, 31: 433-443.
Article
Google Scholar
Berger J, Lynn DH: Hydrogenosomes-methanogen assemblages in the echinoid endocommensal plagiopylid ciliates, Lechriopyla mystax Lynch, 1930 and Plagiopyla minuta Powers, 1933. J Protozool. 1992, 39: 4-8.
Article
Google Scholar
Embley TM, Finlay BJ: The use of small subunit rRNA sequences to unravel the relationships between anaerobic ciliates and their methanogen endosymbionts. Microbiology. 1994, 140: 225-235. 10.1099/13500872-140-2-225.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Fenchel T, Finlay BJ: The biology of free-living anaerobic ciliates. Eur J Protistol. 1991, 26: 201-215. 10.1016/S0932-4739(11)80143-4.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Fenchel T, Finlay BJ: Synchronous division of an endosymbiotic methanogenic bacterium in the anaerobic ciliate Plagiopyla frontata Kahl. J Protozool. 1991, 38: 22-28.
Article
Google Scholar
Goosen NK, Horemans AMC, Hillebrand SJW, Stumm CK, Vogels GD: Cultivation of the sapropelic ciliate Plagiopyla nasuta Stein and isolation of the endosymbiont Methanobacterium formicicum. Arch Microbiol. 1988, 150: 165-170. 10.1007/BF00425157.
Article
Google Scholar
de Puytorac P, Groliére JC, Detcheva R, Grain J: Observations sur l’ultrastructure du cilié Vestibulifera, Plagiopyla nasuta Stein, 1860. Ann Sci Nat Zool. 1985, 7: 189-198. in French with English summary
Google Scholar
Detcheva R, de Puytorac P, Grolière CA: Some ultrastructural characteristics of the polysaprobic ciliate Trimyema compressum. Trans Am Microsc Soc. 1981, 100: 65-73. 10.2307/3225785.
Article
Google Scholar
Finlay BJ, Embley TM, Fenchel T: A new polymorphic methanogen, closely related to Methanocorpusculum parvum, living in stable symbiosis within the anaerobic ciliate Trimyema sp. J Gen Microbiol. 1993, 139: 371-378.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Rinke C, Schmitz-Esser S, Stoecker K, Nussbaumer AD, Molnár DA, Vanura K, Wagner M, Horn M, Ott JA, Bright M: “Candidatus Thiobios zoothamnicoli”, an ectosymbiotic bacterium covering the giant marine ciliate Zoothamnium niveum. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2006, 72: 2014-2021. 10.1128/AEM.72.3.2014-2021.2006.
Article
PubMed
CAS
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Rosati G: Epixenosomes: symbionts of the hypotrich ciliate Euplotidium itoi. Symbiosis. 1999, 26: 1-23.
Google Scholar
Modeo L, Petroni G, Lobban CS, Verni F, Vannini C: Morphological, ultrastructural, and molecular characterization of Euplotidium rosati n. sp. (Ciliophora, Euplotida) from Guam. J Eukaryot Microbiol. 2013, 60: 25-36. 10.1111/jeu.12003.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Breglia SA, Yubuki N, Hoppenrath M, Leander BS: Ultrastructure and molecular phylogenetic position of a novel euglenozoan with extrusive epysimbiotic bacteria: Bihospites bacati n. gen. et sp. (Symbiontida). BMC Microbiol. 2010, 10: 145-10.1186/1471-2180-10-145.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Yubuki N, Edgcomb VP, Bernhard JM, Leander BS: Ultrastructure and molecular phylogeny of Calkinsia aureus: cellular identity of a novel clade of deep-sea euglenozoans with epibiotic bacteria. BMC Microbiol. 2009, 9: 16-10.1186/1471-2180-9-16.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Simpson AGB, van Den Hoff J, Bernard C, Burton HR, Patterson DJ: The ultrastructure and systematic position of the euglenozoon Postgaardi mariagerensis, Fenchel et al. Arch Protistenkd. 1996, 147: 213-225.
Article
Google Scholar
Fokin SI: Frequency and biodiversity of symbionts in representatives of the main classes of Ciliophora. Eur J Protistol. 2012, 48: 138-148. 10.1016/j.ejop.2011.12.001.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Fokin SI, Modeo L, Andreoli I, Ferrantini F, Verni F, Petroni G: Rare ciliate species (Ciliophora, Protista) revealed from brackish water habitats with oxygen deficiency. 2008, Paris, Book of Abstracts: International Congress of Zoology, 31-
Google Scholar
Hausmann K: Extrusive organelles in Protists. Int Rev Cytol. 1978, 52: 197-276.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Rosati G, Modeo L: Extrusomes in ciliates: diversification, distribution, and phylogenetic implications. J Eukaryot Microbiol. 2003, 50: 383-402. 10.1111/j.1550-7408.2003.tb00260.x.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Broers CAM, Stumm CK, Vogels GD: Axenic cultivation of the anaerobic free-living ciliate Trimyema compressum. J Protozool. 1991, 38: 507-511.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Benchimol M: Hydrogenosomes under microscopy. Tissue Cell. 2009, 41: 151-168. 10.1016/j.tice.2009.01.001.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Embley TM, Martin W: Eukaryotic evolution, changes and challenges. Nature. 2006, 30: 623-630.
Article
Google Scholar
Müller M: The hydrogenosomes. J Gen Microbiol. 1993, 139: 2235-2241.
Google Scholar
Van der Giezen M: Hydrogenosomes and mitosomes: conservation and evolutions of functions. J Eukaryot Microbiol. 2009, 56: 221-231. 10.1111/j.1550-7408.2009.00407.x.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Finlay BJ, Clarke KJ, Vicente E, Miracle MR: Anaerobic ciliates from a sulphide-rich solution lake in Spain. Eur J Protistol. 1991, 27: 148-159. 10.1016/S0932-4739(11)80337-8.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Clarke KJ, Finlay BJ, Esteban G, Guhl BE, Embley TM: Cyclidium porcatum n. sp.: a free-living anaerobic scuticociliate containing a stable complex of hydrogenosomes, eubacteria and archeobacteria. Eur J Protistol. 1993, 29: 262-270.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Fokin SI: Morphological diversity of the micronuclei in Paramecium. Arch Protistenkd. 1997, 148: 376-387.
Article
Google Scholar
Behnke A, Barger KJ, Bunge J, Stoeck T: Spatio-temporal variations in protistan communities along an O2/H2S gradient in the anoxic Framvaren Fjord (Norway). FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2010, 72: 89-102. 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2010.00836.x.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Behnke A, Bunge J, Barger K, Breiner HW, Alla V, Stoeck T: Microeukaryote community patterns along an O2/H2S gradient in a supersulfidic anoxic fjord (Framvaren, Norway). Appl Environ Microbiol. 2006, 72: 3626-3636. 10.1128/AEM.72.5.3626-3636.2006.
Article
PubMed
CAS
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Carey PG: Marine interstitial ciliates. An illustrated key. 1992, London, New York: Chapman & Hall
Google Scholar
International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN): International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. 1999, London: International Trust For Zoological Numenclature
Google Scholar
Foissner W: Neotypification of protists, especially ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora). Bull Zool Nom. 2002, 59: 165-169.
Google Scholar
Finlay BJ, Corliss JO, Esteban GF, Fenchel T: Biodiversity at the microbial level: the number of free-living ciliates in the biosphere. Q Rev Biol. 1996, 71: 221-237. 10.1086/419370.
Article
Google Scholar