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  1. Obligate intracellular pathogens belonging to the Chlamydiaceae family possess a number of mechanisms by which to manipulate the host cell and surrounding environment. Such capabilities include the inhibition of ...

    Authors: David V Pollack, Nancy L Croteau and Elizabeth S Stuart
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:213
  2. The cell tropism of Brucella abortus, a causative agent of brucellosis and facultative intracellular pathogen, in the placenta is thought to be a key event of infectious abortion, although the molecular mechanism...

    Authors: Kenta Watanabe, Masato Tachibana, Satoshi Tanaka, Hidefumi Furuoka, Motohiro Horiuchi, Hiroshi Suzuki and Masahisa Watarai
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:212
  3. In man, infection by the Gram-negative enteropathogen Yersinia pseudotuberculosis is usually limited to the terminal ileum. However, in immunocompromised patients, the microorganism may disseminate from the diges...

    Authors: Marie-Laure Rosso, Sylvie Chauvaux, Rodrigue Dessein, Caroline Laurans, Lionel Frangeul, Céline Lacroix, Angèle Schiavo, Marie-Agnès Dillies, Jeannine Foulon, Jean-Yves Coppée, Claudine Médigue, Elisabeth Carniel, Michel Simonet and Michaël Marceau
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:211
  4. Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato DC3000 (DC3000) is a Gram-negative model plant pathogen that is found in a wide variety of environments. To survive in these diverse conditions it must sense and respond to various ...

    Authors: Philip A Bronstein, Melanie J Filiatrault, Christopher R Myers, Michael Rutzke, David J Schneider and Samuel W Cartinhour
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:209
  5. Small heat shock proteins are ubiquitous family of stress proteins, having a role in virulence and survival of the pathogen. M. leprae, the causative agent of leprosy is an uncultivable organism in defined media,...

    Authors: Nirmala Lini, Elengikal Abdul Azeez Rehna, Sugathan Shiburaj, Jayapal Jeya Maheshwari, Nallakandy Panagadan Shankernarayan and Kuppamuthu Dharmalingam
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:208
  6. In the absence of effective drugs, controlling SARS relies on the rapid identification of cases and appropriate management of the close contacts, or effective vaccines for SARS. Therefore, developing specific ...

    Authors: Feng Mu, Dongsheng Niu, Jingsong Mu, Bo He, Weiguo Han, Baoxing Fan, Shengyong Huang, Yan Qiu, Bo You and Weijun Chen
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:207
  7. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is an oral bacterium associated with aggressive forms of periodontitis. Increasing evidence points to a link between periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases, however, the u...

    Authors: Jan Oscarsson, Maribasappa Karched, Bernard Thay, Casey Chen and Sirkka Asikainen
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:206
  8. Host defense peptides (HDPs), or antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), are important components of the innate immune system that bacterial pathogens must overcome to establish an infection and HDPs have been suggeste...

    Authors: Caroline Trebbien Gottlieb, Line Elnif Thomsen, Hanne Ingmer, Per Holse Mygind, Hans-Henrik Kristensen and Lone Gram
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:205
  9. Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) causes the chronic enteritis called paratuberculosis mainly in cattle, sheep and goats. Evidences that point out an association between Map and Crohn's Disease in...

    Authors: Iker Sevilla, Lingling Li, Alongkorn Amonsin, Joseba M Garrido, Maria V Geijo, Vivek Kapur and Ramón A Juste
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:204
  10. Iron is an essential nutrient but can be toxic at high intracellular concentrations and organisms have evolved tightly regulated mechanisms for iron uptake and homeostasis. Information on iron management mecha...

    Authors: Héctor Osorio, Verónica Martínez, Pamela A Nieto, David S Holmes and Raquel Quatrini
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:203
  11. All bacterial genomes contain repetitive sequences which are members of specific DNA families. Such repeats may occur as single units, or found clustered in multiple copies in a head-to-tail configuration at s...

    Authors: Emanuela Roscetto, Francesco Rocco, M Stella Carlomagno, Mariassunta Casalino, Bianca Colonna, Raffaele Zarrilli and Pier Paolo Di Nocera
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:202
  12. PstS is a phosphate-binding lipoprotein that is part of the high-affinity phosphate transport system. Streptomyces lividans accumulates high amounts of the PstS protein in the supernatant of liquid cultures grown...

    Authors: Ana Esteban, Margarita Díaz, Ana Yepes and Ramón I Santamaría
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:201
  13. The mce4 operon is one of the four homologues of mammalian cell entry (mce) operons of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The mce4A (Rv3499c) gene within this operon is homologous to mce1A (Rv0169), that has a role in h...

    Authors: Neeraj Kumar Saini, Monika Sharma, Amita Chandolia, Rashmi Pasricha, Vani Brahmachari and Mridula Bose
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:200
  14. Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 1 causes > 20% of invasive disease, among all age groups combined, in The Gambia. In contrast, it is rarely detected in carriage studies. This study compares the molecular epidem...

    Authors: Martin Antonio, Ishrat Hakeem, Timothy Awine, Ousman Secka, Kawsu Sankareh, David Nsekpong, George Lahai, Abiodun Akisanya, Uzochukwu Egere, Godwin Enwere, Syed MA Zaman, Philip C Hill, Tumani Corrah, Felicity Cutts, Brian M Greenwood and Richard A Adegbola
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:198
  15. Geobacillus stearothermophilus is able to utilize phenol as a sole carbon source. A DNA fragment encoding a phenol hydroxylase catalyzing the first step in the meta-pathway has been isolated previously. Based on ...

    Authors: Bastian Omokoko, Uwe K Jäntges, Martin Zimmermann, Monika Reiss and Winfried Hartmeier
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:197
  16. Growing concerns about bacterial resistance to antibiotics have prompted the development of alternative therapies like those based on cationic antimicrobial peptides (APs). These compounds not only are bacteri...

    Authors: Susana Sánchez-Gómez, Marta Lamata, José Leiva, Sylvie E Blondelle, Roman Jerala, Jörg Andrä, Klaus Brandenburg, Karl Lohner, Ignacio Moriyón and Guillermo Martínez-de-Tejada
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:196
  17. The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract contains a diverse collection of bacteria, most of which are unculturable by conventional microbiological methods. Increasingly molecular profiling techniques are being em...

    Authors: Carl R Harrington, Sacha Lucchini, Karyn P Ridgway, Udo Wegmann, Tracy J Eaton, Jay CD Hinton, Michael J Gasson and Arjan Narbad
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:195
  18. Clostridium tetani and Clostridium perfringens are among the medically important clostridial pathogens causing diseases in man and animals. Several homologous open reading frames (ORFs) have been identified in th...

    Authors: Syed Imteyaz Alam, Sunita Bansod and Lokendra Singh
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:194
  19. Mycoplasma agalactiae is the main cause of contagious agalactia, a serious disease of sheep and goats, which has major clinical and economic impacts. Previous studies of M. agalactiae have shown it to be unusuall...

    Authors: Laura McAuliffe, Colin P Churchward, Joanna R Lawes, Guido Loria, Roger D Ayling and Robin AJ Nicholas
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:193
  20. Major Clostridium difficile virulence factors are the exotoxins TcdA and TcdB. Due to the large size and poor stability of the proteins, the active recombinant TcdA and TcdB have been difficult to produce.

    Authors: Guilin Yang, Boping Zhou, Jufang Wang, Xiangyun He, Xingmin Sun, Weijia Nie, Saul Tzipori and Hanping Feng
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:192
  21. Bacillus cereus is most commonly associated with foodborne illness (diarrheal and emetic) but is also an opportunistic pathogen that can cause severe and fatal infections. Several multilocus sequence typing (MLST...

    Authors: Alex R Hoffmaster, Ryan T Novak, Chung K Marston, Jay E Gee, Leta Helsel, James M Pruckler and Patricia P Wilkins
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:191
  22. Chlamydia trachomatis, an obligate intracellular human pathogen, is the most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted infection worldwide and a leading cause of preventable blindness. HtrA is a virulence and stre...

    Authors: Wilhelmina M Huston, Christina Theodoropoulos, Sarah A Mathews and Peter Timms
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:190
  23. Pseudomonas fluorescens is a ubiquitous Gram-negative bacterium frequently encountered in hospitals as a contaminant of injectable material and surfaces. This psychrotrophic bacterium, commonly described as unabl...

    Authors: Gaelle Rossignol, Annabelle Merieau, Josette Guerillon, Wilfried Veron, Olivier Lesouhaitier, Marc GJ Feuilloley and Nicole Orange
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:189
  24. The luxS/AI-2 signaling pathway has been reported to interfere with important physiological and pathogenic functions in a variety of bacteria. In the present study, we investigated the functional role of the stre...

    Authors: Maria Siller, Rajendra P Janapatla, Zaid A Pirzada, Christine Hassler, Daniela Zinkl and Emmanuelle Charpentier
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:188
  25. Invasion of host tissue by the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans is an important step during the development of candidosis. However, not all C. albicans strains possess the same invasive and virulence proper...

    Authors: Sascha Thewes, Gary P Moran, Beatrice B Magee, Martin Schaller, Derek J Sullivan and Bernhard Hube
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:187
  26. The lantibiotic mersacidin is an antimicrobial peptide of 20 amino acids that is ribosomally produced by Bacillus sp. strain HIL Y-85,54728. Mersacidin acts by complexing the sugar phosphate head group of the pep...

    Authors: Peter Sass, Andrea Jansen, Christiane Szekat, Vera Sass, Hans-Georg Sahl and Gabriele Bierbaum
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:186
  27. The increasing number of genomic sequences of bacteria makes it possible to select unique SNPs of a particular strain/species at the whole genome level and thus design specific primers based on the SNPs. The h...

    Authors: Jiqiang Yao, Hong Lin, Allen Van Deynze, Harshavardhan Doddapaneni, Martha Francis, Eliana Gertrudes Macedo Lemos and Edwin L Civerolo
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:185
  28. A study to evaluate the biofilm-development ability in three different media (Middlebrook 7H9, sterile tap water and PBS-5% glucose) was performed with 19 collection strains from 15 different species on non-pi...

    Authors: Jaime Esteban, Nieves Z Martín-de-Hijas, Teemu J Kinnari, Guillermo Ayala, Ricardo Fernández-Roblas and Ignacio Gadea
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:184
  29. Most extracellular virulence factors produced by Bacillus cereus are regulated by the pleiotropic transcriptional activator PlcR. Among strains belonging to the B. cereus group, the plcR gene is always located in...

    Authors: Julien Brillard, Kim Susanna, Caroline Michaud, Claire Dargaignaratz, Michel Gohar, Christina Nielsen-Leroux, Nalini Ramarao, Anne-Brit Kolstø, Christophe Nguyen-the, Didier Lereclus and Véronique Broussolle
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:183
  30. Salmonellosis is one of the most important bacterial food borne illnesses worldwide. A major source of infection for humans is consumption of chicken or egg products that have been contaminated with Salmonella en...

    Authors: Christine P Sivula, Lydia M Bogomolnaya and Helene L Andrews-Polymenis
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:182
  31. Acid tolerance in Escherichia coli O157:H7 contributes to persistence in its bovine host and is thought to promote passage through the gastric barrier of humans. Dps (DNA-binding protein in starved cells) mutants...

    Authors: Kwang Cheol Jeong, Kai Foong Hung, David J Baumler, Jeffrey J Byrd and Charles W Kaspar
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:181
  32. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a major cause of infant and child mortality in developing countries. This enteric pathogen causes profuse watery diarrhea by elaborating one or more enterotoxins that in...

    Authors: Maria D Bodero, Elizabeth A Harden and George P Munson
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:180
  33. Culture-independent methods based on the 16S ribosomal RNA molecule are nowadays widely used for assessment of the composition of the intestinal microbiota, in relation to host health or probiotic efficacy. Be...

    Authors: Sophie Mathys, Christophe Lacroix, Raffaella Mini and Leo Meile
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:179
  34. Classical Salmonella serotyping is an expensive and time consuming process that requires implementing a battery of O and H antisera to detect 2,541 different Salmonella enterica serovars. For these reasons, we de...

    Authors: Yang Hong, Tongrui Liu, Margie D Lee, Charles L Hofacre, Marie Maier, David G White, Sherry Ayers, Lihua Wang, Roy Berghaus and John J Maurer
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:178
  35. Human and animal health is constantly under threat by emerging pathogens that have recently acquired genetic determinants that enhance their survival, transmissibility and virulence. We describe the constructi...

    Authors: Richard A Stabler, Lisa F Dawson, Petra CF Oyston, Richard W Titball, Jim Wade, Jason Hinds, Adam A Witney and Brendan W Wren
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:177
  36. The majority of commensal gastrointestinal bacteria used as probiotics are highly adapted to the specialised environment of the large bowel. However, unlike pathogenic bacteria; they are often inadequately equ...

    Authors: Debbie Watson, Roy D Sleator, Colin Hill and Cormac GM Gahan
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:176
  37. Bacterial and cellular genotyping is becoming increasingly important in the diagnosis of infectious diseases. However, difficulties in obtaining sufficient amount of bacterial and cellular DNA extracted from t...

    Authors: Anna Ryberg, Kurt Borch, Yi-Qian Sun and Hans-Jürg Monstein
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:175
  38. Sulphur compounds like cysteine, methionine and S-adenosylmethionine are essential for the viability of most cells. Thus many organisms have developed a complex regulatory circuit that governs the expression o...

    Authors: Gabriela Gremel, Marcel Dorrer and Monika Schmoll
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:174
  39. Streptococcus pneumoniae is a common respiratory pathogen and a major causative agent of respiratory infections, including otitis media (OM). Pneumococcal biofilms have been demonstrated on biopsies of the middle...

    Authors: Luanne Hall-Stoodley, Laura Nistico, Karthik Sambanthamoorthy, Bethany Dice, Duc Nguyen, William J Mershon, Candice Johnson, Fen Ze Hu, Paul Stoodley, Garth D Ehrlich and J Christopher Post
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:173
  40. After infecting a mammalian host, the facultative intracellular bacterium, Francisella tularensis, encounters an elevated environmental temperature. We hypothesized that this temperature change may regulate genes...

    Authors: Joseph Horzempa, Paul E Carlson Jr, Dawn M O'Dee, Robert MQ Shanks and Gerard J Nau
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:172
  41. Microbiological indicators are commonly used in the assessment of public health risks associated with fecal contamination of freshwater ecosystems. Sediments are a reservoir of microorganisms, and can thus pro...

    Authors: Stefania Marcheggiani, Marcello Iaconelli, Annamaria D'angelo, Elio Pierdominici, Giuseppina La Rosa, Michele Muscillo, Michele Equestre and Laura Mancini
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:171
  42. The M-like protein, also known as SzP, is expressed on the surface of Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus (S. zooepidemicus). Previous studies demonstrated that SzP is similar to M protein of group A Streptoc...

    Authors: Hongjie Fan, Yongshan Wang, Fuyu Tang and Chengping Lu
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:170
  43. The yeast Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous synthesizes astaxanthin, a carotenoid with high commercial interest. The proposed biosynthetic route in this organism is isopentenyl-pyrophosphate (IPP) → geranyleranyl pyr...

    Authors: Jennifer Alcaíno, Salvador Barahona, Marisela Carmona, Carla Lozano, Andrés Marcoleta, Mauricio Niklitschek, Dionisia Sepúlveda, Marcelo Baeza and Víctor Cifuentes
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:169
  44. Photorhabdus are motile members of the family Enterobactericeae that are pathogenic to insect larvae whilst also maintaining a mutualistic interaction with entomophagous nematodes of the family Heterorhabditiae. ...

    Authors: Catherine A Easom and David J Clarke
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:168
  45. Mycoplasma pneumoniae has previously been characterized as a micro-organism that is genetically highly stable. In spite of this genetic stability, homologous DNA recombination has been hypothesized to lie at the ...

    Authors: Marcel Sluijter, Theo Hoogenboezem, Nico G Hartwig and Cornelis Vink
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:167
  46. Highly virulent enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains possess three sodC genes encoding for periplasmic Cu, Zn superoxide dismutases: sodC, which is identical to the gene present in non-pathogenic E....

    Authors: Melania D'Orazio, Raffaella Scotti, Laura Nicolini, Laura Cervoni, Giuseppe Rotilio, Andrea Battistoni and Roberta Gabbianelli
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:166
  47. Lactobacillus brevis ATCC 8287 is covered by a regular surface (S-) layer consisting of a 435 amino acid protein SlpA. This protein is completely unrelated in sequence to the previously characterized S-layer prot...

    Authors: Silja Åvall-Jääskeläinen, Ulla Hynönen, Nicola Ilk, Dietmar Pum, Uwe B Sleytr and Airi Palva
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:165
  48. Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a marine seafood-borne pathogen causing gastrointestinal disorders in humans. Thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) and TDH-related hemolysin (TRH) are known as major virulence determinan...

    Authors: Wataru Yamazaki, Masanori Ishibashi, Ryuji Kawahara and Kiyoshi Inoue
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:163

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