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  1. Different species and strains of probiotic bacteria confer distinct immunological responses on immune cells. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 (GR-1) is a probiotic bacterial strain found in both the intestinal and ur...

    Authors: Shahab Meshkibaf, Jӧrg Fritz, Marcelo Gottschalk and Sung Ouk Kim
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:238
  2. International travel contributes to the spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria over the world. Most studies addressing travel-related changes in the faecal flora have focused on specific mobile resistance gen...

    Authors: Anna Johnning, Erik Kristiansson, Martin Angelin, Nachiket Marathe, Yogesh S. Shouche, Anders Johansson and D. G. Joakim Larsson
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:235
  3. Treated wastewater effluent has been found to contain high levels of contaminants, including disease-causing bacteria such as Listeria and Aeromonas species. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobia...

    Authors: Ademola O. Olaniran, Sphephile B T Nzimande and Ndumiso G. Mkize
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:234
  4. Bacterial plasmids have a major impact on metabolic function and adaptation of their hosts. An indigenous plasmid was identified in a Chinese isolate (GX01) of the invasive phytopathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. or...

    Authors: Xiang-Na Niu, Zhi-Qiong Wei, Hai-Fan Zou, Gui-Gang Xie, Feng Wu, Kang-Jia Li, Wei Jiang, Ji-Liang Tang and Yong-Qiang He
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:233
  5. Efflux has been recognized as a resistance mechanism to antimicrobials in Staphylococcus aureus; however its role on the development of clinically relevant resistance is still poorly characterized. This study aim...

    Authors: Sofia Santos Costa, Miguel Viveiros, Adriana E. Rosato, José Melo-Cristino and Isabel Couto
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:232
  6. Few studies have reported the species composition of bacterial communities in marine biofilms formed on natural or on man-made existing structures. In particular, the roles and surface specificities of primary...

    Authors: Ibtissem Doghri, Sophie Rodrigues, Alexis Bazire, Alain Dufour, David Akbar, Valérie Sopena, Sophie Sablé and Isabelle Lanneluc
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:231
  7. Vibrio (V.) parahaemolyticus causes seafood-borne gastro-intestinal bacterial infections in humans worldwide. It is widely found in marine environments and is isolated frequently from ...

    Authors: Sara Urmersbach, Tommi Aho, Thomas Alter, Syeda Sakira Hassan, Reija Autio and Stephan Huehn
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:229
  8. Chlamydia pneumoniae is a common human pathogen that is associated with upper and lower respiratory tract infections. It has also been suggested that C. pneumoniae infection can trigge...

    Authors: Xianbao He, Yanmei Liang, Michael P. LaValley, Juying Lai and Robin R. Ingalls
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:228
  9. A number of bacterial species are capable of growing in various life history modes that enable their survival and persistence in both planktonic free-living stages as well as in biofilm communities. Mechanisms...

    Authors: Alba Chavez-Dozal, Clayton Gorman and Michele K. Nishiguchi
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:226
  10. The carA and carB genes code the small and large subunits of carbamoyl-phosphate synthase (CPS) that responsible for arginine and pyrimidine production. The purpose of this work was to study the gene organization...

    Authors: Tao Zhuo, Wei Rou, Xue Song, Jing Guo, Xiaojing Fan, Gicharu Gibson Kamau and Huasong Zou
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:225
  11. Next-generation sequencing provides a powerful means of molecular characterization. However, methods such as single-nucleotide polymorphism detection or whole-chromosome sequence analysis are computationally expe...

    Authors: Arthur W. Pightling, Nicholas Petronella and Franco Pagotto
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:224
  12. FabG is the only known enzyme that catalyzes reduction of the 3-ketoacyl-ACP intermediates of bacterial fatty acid synthetic pathways. However, there are two Ralstonia solanacearum genes, RSc1052 (fabG1) and RSp0...

    Authors: Sai-Xiang Feng, Jin-Cheng Ma, Ji Yang, Zhe Hu, Lei Zhu, Hong-Kai Bi, Yi-Rong Sun and Hai-Hong Wang
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:223
  13. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection affects cell survival signaling pathways including cell apoptosis and proliferation, which are considered risk factors for the development of ...

    Authors: Charles C. King and Marygorret Obonyo
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:222
  14. Terpenes represent one of the largest and most diversified families of natural compounds and are used in numerous industrial applications. Terpene synthase (TPS) genes originated in bacteria as diterpene synth...

    Authors: Marc JC Fischer, Camille Rustenhloz, Véronique Leh-Louis and Guy Perrière
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:221
  15. Xpert MTB/RIF assay is considered as a great advance over conventional smear and culture in the diagnosis of TB and MDR-TB by simultaneously detecting M.tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance bacilli. However, ve...

    Authors: Dereje Assefa Geleta, Yoseph Cherinet Megerssa, Adugna Negussie Gudeta, Gizachew Taddesse Akalu, Melaku Tesfaye Debele and Kassu Desta Tulu
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:220
  16. Clostridium perfringens is a widespread pathogen, but the precise quantification of this subdominant gut microbe remains difficult due to its low fecal count (particularly in asymptoma...

    Authors: Ravinder Nagpal, Kiyohito Ogata, Hirokazu Tsuji, Kazunori Matsuda, Takuya Takahashi, Koji Nomoto, Yoshio Suzuki, Kazunari Kawashima, Satoru Nagata and Yuichiro Yamashiro
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:219
  17. Chronic infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, and a more complete understanding of P. aeruginosa within-host genomic evolution, transm...

    Authors: Rasmus Lykke Marvig, Daniela Dolce, Lea M. Sommer, Bent Petersen, Oana Ciofu, Silvia Campana, Søren Molin, Giovanni Taccetti and Helle Krogh Johansen
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:218
  18. The fungal genus Phlebia consists of a number of species that are significant in wood decay. Biotechnological potential of a few species for enzyme production and degradation of lignin and pollutants has been pre...

    Authors: Jaana Kuuskeri, Miia R. Mäkelä, Jarkko Isotalo, Ilona Oksanen and Taina Lundell
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:217
  19. The application of molecular based diagnostics in sepsis has had limited success to date. Molecular community profiling methods have indicated that polymicrobial infections are more common than suggested by st...

    Authors: MMP Faria, JM Conly and MG Surette
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:215
  20. Bacteria use transcriptional regulation to respond to environmental stresses. Specifically, exposure to antibacterial drugs is deemed to be an atypical stress, and altering transcriptional regulation in respon...

    Authors: Jialing Hu, Lei Zhao and Min Yang
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:214
  21. Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157:H7 is a well-recognized cause of bloody diarrhea and hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS). The ability of STEC strains to cause human disease is due to the production...

    Authors: Benson C. Iweriebor, Chinwe J. Iwu, Larry C. Obi, Uchechukwu U. Nwodo and Anthony I. Okoh
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:213
  22. The diversity of lichen fungal components and their photosynthetic partners reflects both ecological and evolutionary factors. In present study, molecular investigations of the internal transcribed spacer of t...

    Authors: Shunan Cao, Fang Zhang, Chuanpeng Liu, Zhihua Hao, Yuan Tian, Lingxiang Zhu and Qiming Zhou
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:212
  23. Neonatal meningitis-causing Escherichia coli (NMEC) is the predominant Gram-negative bacterial pathogen associated with meningitis in newborn infants. High levels of heterogeneity and diversity have been observed...

    Authors: D. S. S. Wijetunge, S. Gongati, C. DebRoy, K. S. Kim, P. O. Couraud, I. A. Romero, B. Weksler and S. Kariyawasam
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:211
  24. A significant trend towards increased fusidic acid (FA) resistance among Staphylococcus aureus with increased duration of use is of concern. The aim of the present study is to investigate the dissemination of fus...

    Authors: Fangyou Yu, Yunling Liu, Chaohui Lu, Jinnan LV, Xiuqin Qi, Yu Ding, Dan Li, Xiaoying Huang, Longhua Hu and Liangxing Wang
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:210
  25. Assembly of the tubulin-like GTPase, FtsZ, at the future division site initiates the process of bacterial cytokinesis. The FtsZ ring serves as a platform for assembly of the division machinery and constricts a...

    Authors: Heidi A. Arjes, Bradley Lai, Ezinwanne Emelue, Adriana Steinbach and Petra Anne Levin
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:209
  26. The genus Brachyspira currently encompasses seven valid species that colonize the intestines of mammals and birds. In a previous study a group of strongly haemolytic isolates from pigs and mallards was provisiona...

    Authors: Mamoona Mushtaq, Saima Zubair, Therese Råsbäck, Erik Bongcam-Rudloff and Désirée S. Jansson
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:208
  27. The use of indwelling medical devices is associated with a significant risk of infections by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) which possesses a variety of virulence factors including many toxins and the ability ...

    Authors: L. Selan, R. Papa, M. Tilotta, G. Vrenna, A. Carpentieri, A. Amoresano, P. Pucci and M. Artini
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:207
  28. The pathogenic yeast Cryptococcus neoformans causes life-threatening meningoencephalitis in individuals suffering from HIV/AIDS. The cyclic-AMP/protein kinase A (PKA) signal transduction pathway regulates the pro...

    Authors: Jennifer M. H. Geddes, Daniel Croll, Mélissa Caza, Nikolay Stoynov, Leonard J. Foster and James W. Kronstad
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:206
  29. There is an urgent need for a simple and accurate test for the diagnosis of human Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the infectious agent causing tuberculosis (TB). Here we describe a serological test based on light ...

    Authors: Peter D. Burbelo, Jason Keller, Jason Wagner, James S. Klimavicz, Ahmad Bayat, Craig S. Rhodes, Bassirou Diarra, Ploenchan Chetchotisakd, Yupin Suputtamongkol, Sasisopin Kiertiburanakul, Steven M. Holland, Sarah K. Browne, Sophia Siddiqui and Joseph A. Kovacs
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:205
  30. Diarrhoeal diseases are attributable to unsafe water stemming from improper sanitation and hygiene and are reportedly responsible for extensive morbidity and mortality particularly among children in developed ...

    Authors: Yinka Titilawo, Larry Obi and Anthony Okoh
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:204
  31. Salmonella is a common intestinal pathogen that causes acute and chronic inflammatory response. Probiotics reduce inflammatory cytokine production and serve as beneficial commensal mic...

    Authors: I-Fei Huang, I-Chun Lin, Pei-Feng Liu, Ming-Fang Cheng, Yen-Chen Liu, Yao-Dung Hsieh, Jih-Jung Chen, Chun-Lin Chen, Hsueh-Wei Chang and Chih-Wen Shu
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:203
  32. Soil bacteria typically thrive in water-limited habitats that cause an inherent matric stress to the cognate cells. Matric stress gives rise to accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), whic...

    Authors: Nanna B. Svenningsen, Danilo Pérez-Pantoja, Pablo I. Nikel, Mette H. Nicolaisen, Víctor de Lorenzo and Ole Nybroe
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:202
  33. To screen whether E. coli strains encoding type 1 fimbriae, isolated from fecal microflora, produce bacteriocins more often relative to fimA-negative E. coli strains of similar origin.

    Authors: Barbora Štaudová, Lenka Micenková, Juraj Bosák, Kristýna Hrazdilová, Eva Slaninková, Martin Vrba, Alena Ševčíková, Darina Kohoutová, Vladana Woznicová, Jan Bureš and David Šmajs
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:201
  34. Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) are classified into typical and atypical strains based on the presence of the E. coli adherence factor (EAF) plasmid. The EAF plasmid contains the bfp (bundle-forming p...

    Authors: Nathalia B. Teixeira, Thais C. G. Rojas, Wanderley D. da Silveira, Cecília Matheus-Guimarães, Neusa P. Silva and Isabel C. A. Scaletsky
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:200
  35. Candida species are the most frequently found fungal pathogens causing nosocomial disease in a hospital setting. Such species must be correctly identified to ensure that appropriate co...

    Authors: Giovanni Rodríguez-Leguizamón, Alessandro Fiori, Luisa F. López, Beatriz L. Gómez, Claudia M. Parra-Giraldo, Arley Gómez-López, Carlos F. Suárez, Andrés Ceballos, Patrick Van Dijck and Manuel A. Patarroyo
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:199
  36. Brucella, a Gram-negative bacterium, is classified as a potential bioterrorism agent mainly due to the low dose needed to cause infection and the ability to transmit the bacteria via a...

    Authors: Angelika Silbereisen, Marco Tamborrini, Matthias Wittwer, Nadia Schürch and Gerd Pluschke
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:198
  37. Candida parapsilosis and C. tropicalis increasingly compete with C. albicans—the most common fungal pathogen in humans—as causative agents of severe candidiasis in immunocompromised pa...

    Authors: Andrzej Kozik, Justyna Karkowska-Kuleta, Dorota Zajac, Oliwia Bochenska, Sylwia Kedracka-Krok, Urszula Jankowska and Maria Rapala-Kozik
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:197
  38. Koumiss is a traditionally fermented mare’s milk described with health-promoting potentials for decades. However, only a few studies focused on the probiotic strains isolated from koumiss. In this study, we co...

    Authors: Jingjing Rong, Houfeng Zheng, Ming Liu, Xu Hu, Tao Wang, Xingwei Zhang, Feng Jin and Li Wang
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:196
  39. The signaling second messenger cyclic AMP (cAMP) regulates many aspects of cellular function in all organisms. Previous studies have suggested a role for cAMP in the regulation of gene expression of cellulolyt...

    Authors: Karoline Maria Vieira Nogueira, Mariana do Nascimento Costa, Renato Graciano de Paula, Flávia Costa Mendonça-Natividade, Rafael Ricci-Azevedo and Roberto Nascimento Silva
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:195
  40. Chlamydia (C.) trachomatis is the most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted infection worldwide and the leading cause of preventable blindness. Genetic approaches to investigate C....

    Authors: James W. Marsh, Bryan A. Wee, Joel D.A. Tyndall, William B. Lott, Robert J. Bastidas, Harlan D. Caldwell, Raphael H. Valdivia, L. Kari and Wilhelmina M. Huston
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:194
  41. Phytoplasmas are bacterial plant pathogens (class Mollicutes), transmitted by phloem feeding leafhoppers, planthoppers and psyllids in a persistent/propagative manner. Transmission of phytoplasmas is under the...

    Authors: Mahnaz Rashidi, Luciana Galetto, Domenico Bosco, Andrea Bulgarelli, Marta Vallino, Flavio Veratti and Cristina Marzachì
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:193
  42. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that is the leading cause of iatrogenic infections in critically ill patients, especially those undergoing mechanical ventilation. I...

    Authors: Hongdong Li, Xingyuan Li, Zhengli Wang, Yakun Fu, Qing Ai, Ying Dong and Jialin Yu
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:192
  43. Tuberculosis (TB) in children is neglected, mainly due to lack of sensitive diagnostic tools. Recently Xpert MTB/RIF assay has revolutionized the diagnostic field, but its usefulness in pediatric TB has not be...

    Authors: Sarman Singh, Amit Singh, Suneel Prajapati, Sushil K. Kabra, Rakesh Lodha, Aparna Mukherjee, Varinder Singh, Anneke C. Hesseling and Harleen M. S. Grewal
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:191
  44. The cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) is currently considered an ubiquitous second messenger in bacteria that influences a wide range of cellular processes. One of the methodological approaches to unravel c-di-GMP...

    Authors: Lorena Romero-Jiménez, David Rodríguez-Carbonell, María Trinidad Gallegos, Juan Sanjuán and Daniel Pérez-Mendoza
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:190
  45. Several experimental animal models have been used to study the pathogenesis of dengue disease; however, most of the studies used laboratory-adapted viruses, which lack the virulence of viruses circulating in h...

    Authors: Veridiana Ester Barros, Nilton Nascimento dos Santos-Junior, Alberto Anastacio Amarilla, Adriana Moreira Soares, Rafael Lourencini, Amanda Cristina Trabuco and Victor Hugo Aquino
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:189
  46. Angomonas deanei is a trypanosomatid parasite of insects that has a bacterial endosymbiont, which supplies amino acids and other nutrients to its host. Bacterium loss induced by antibi...

    Authors: Simone Santiago Carvalho de Oliveira, Aline dos Santos Garcia-Gomes, Claudia Masini d’Avila-Levy, André Luis Souza dos Santos and Marta Helena Branquinha
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:188
  47. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy has been proposed as an alternative to suppress subgingival species. This results from the balance among Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans in the ...

    Authors: P. Soria-Lozano, Y. Gilaberte, MP Paz-Cristobal, L. Pérez-Artiaga, V. Lampaya-Pérez, J. Aporta, V. Pérez-Laguna, I. García-Luque, MJ Revillo and A. Rezusta
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2015 15:187

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