Fig. 4

Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences of potential Wolbachia endosymbionts within the five species of Bhutanese psyllids (emboldened). The evolutionary history was inferred using maximum likelihood based on the Kimura 2-parameter model [54]. The tree with the highest log likelihood (− 1128.97) is shown. The percentage of trees in which the associated taxa clustered together is shown next to the branches. A discrete Gamma distribution was used to model evolutionary rate differences among sites (5 categories (+G, parameter = 0.3912)). The tree is drawn to scale, with branch lengths measured in the number of substitutions per site. The tree was rooted using accession AB746416. (NB OTU numbers classified according to Greengenes database; see Supplementary Table 3)