Duodenal and faecal microbiota of celiac children: molecular, phenotype and metabolome characterization

BMC Microbiology

Table 3 Median values and ranges of the concentration (ppm) of volatile organic compounds (VOC) of faecal and urine samples from treated celiac disease (T-CD) children and non-celiac children (HC) as determined by gas-chromatography mass spectrometry/solid-phase microextraction (GC-MS/SPME) analysis

Chemical class	Treated celiac disease (T-CD)children				Non-celiac children (HC)
	Faeces		Urines		Faeces		Urines
	Median	Range	Median	Range	Median	Range	Median	Range
Esters	20.31^b	0 - 846.97	0.47^c	0 - 40.00	47.73^a	1.83 - 496.83	0.99^c	0 - 8.05
Sulfur compounds	214.83^b	0 - 890.86	1.46^c	0 - 25.44	387.07^a	0 - 499.88	3.49^c	0 - 63.67
Ketones	90.88^b	0 - 2402.50	54.01^c	0 - 295.03	112.83^a	0 - 416.20	64.49^c	0 - 458.78
Hydrocarbons	16.69^b	0 - 1327.15	4.25^c	0 - 67.07	119.13^a	0.22 - 635.25	3.14^c	0.15 - 62.56
Aldehydes	17.59^c	0 - 512.28	64.31^a	0.34 - 166.31	37.46^b	2.08 - 365.25	73.37^a	0.50 - 199.56
Alcohols	230.14^a	0 - 2311.29	2.25^c	0 - 17.5	122.56^b	0 - 934.22	2.14^c	0 - 34.96
Alkane	6.73^a	0 - 653.61	0.3^b	0.05 - 1.57	9.37^a	0 - 432.74	0.43^b	0 - 1.47
Alkene	0^a	0 - 32.51	0^a	0	0^a	0 - 31.99	0^a	0
Aromatic organic compounds	178.24^b	0 - 143.67	2.10^c	0.04 - 28.16	480.20^a	233.74 - 993.94	2.78^c	0 - 16.30
Heptane	23.01^a	0 - 837.50	0^c	0 - 1.37	26.37^a	0 - 65.75	0.34^b	0 - 2.37
Short chain fatty acids (SCFA)	21.64^a	0 - 1438.28	3^b	0.08 - 31.14	27.85^a	0 - 1037.50	3.82^b	1.44 - 24.87

Data are the means of three independent experiments (n = 3) for each children.
^a-cMeans within a row with different superscript letters are significantly different (P < 0.05).