Fig. 5

CBM regulated the immune response in colitis mouse after pretreatment with Abx. The frequency of CD4⁺ T cells (A, E), CD4⁺ IL-17 A⁺ Th17 cells (B, F), CD4⁺ IFN-γ⁺ Th1 cells (C, G), and CD4⁺ IL-4⁺ Th2 cells (D, H). (I-J) The relative expression of IL-2, IL-12 in colon tissues. (K) RORγt, IL-17 A expression of Th17 cells-related cytokines, and transcription factors in the mice of Abx pretreated with or without CBM intervention. (L) Foxp3, IL-10 expression of Tregs-related cytokines, and transcription factors in the indicated groups. (M) T-bet, INF-γ expression of Th1 cells-related cytokines, and transcription factors in the indicated groups. (N) GATA3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 expression of Th2 cells-related cytokines and transcription factors among groups. These results are expressed as mean ± SEM. ^*P < 0.05, ^**P < 0.01, and ^***P < 0.001 compared to the Abx + DSS group. CBM, Clostridium butirycum Miyairi588; DSS, dextran sodium sulfate; Abx, antibiotic cocktail; Abx + DSS, DSS-induced colitis model with Abx pretreatment; and Abx + DSS + CBM, colitis mice treated with CBM combined with Abx pretreatment