Fig. 9

Comparison of bacterial and fungal diversity. (A) The correlation scatter plots of bacterial and fungal species diversity indices, indicating no significant correlation between the two at the alpha diversity level. (B) The statistical test results for within-group and between-group distance differences, as well as the combined distance box plot, demonstrating that grouping differences affected bacteria at the Phylum, Order, Family, Genus, and Species levels and fungi only at the Order, Family, and Genus levels. (C-E) The correlation analyses between bacteria and fungi at the family, genus, and OTU levels using the Sparse Correlations for Compositional data model. The heat map and circos plots are based on the sPLS screening of strongly correlated species, with the internal circos presenting correlation results and the external heat map displaying specific species abundance trends. The results show that there were correlations between bacteria and fungi at all three taxonomic levels, indicating interactions between bacteria and fungi