Fig. 3

Alpha, beta diversity, and differential abundance of the oral microbiome. a Chao1 index, c Bray Curtis distance in NMDS plot, d Volcano plot based on Deseq2 results of microbiome differential abundance of premenopausal, postmenopausal and male subjects. d Chao1 index, e Bray curtis distance in NMDS plot, f Volcano plot based on Deseq2 results of microbiome differential abundance grouped by oral health status (adequate vs poor). g Chao1 index, h Bray curtis distance in NMDS plot, i Volcano plot based on Deseq2 results of microbiome differential abundance grouped by viral load (high vs moderate). p value less or equal to 0.05 was considered significant, and a fold change of 2