Fig. 3
From: Rapid intestinal and systemic metabolic reprogramming in an immunosuppressed environment
Gut microbiome and luminal metabolome after tacrolimus treatment for 2 or 7 days. A) Experimental design. Colors indicate different treatment groups. B) Heatmap of the top 25 most abundant intestinal bacterial taxa. Ward linkage clustering used to cluster samples based on the Jensen-Shannon distance calculated in vegan package in R [48]. C) PLS-DA to demonstrate clusters by treatment groups. Circles indicate 95% confidence region of each group. D) Chao1 diversity index of experimental groups. Wilcoxon test to estimate the significance value. * denotes significance value < 0.05. E) Volcano plot combines results from FC analysis to show significantly increased metabolites after 7-day tacrolimus treatment comparing to its respective no treatment control. A metabolite is shown if FC is > 2 and p value is < 0.05 based on 2-sample t-tests. Original metabolite measurement without normalization in FC analysis