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Table 4 Antibiotic resistance in PVL positive and PVL negative isolates

From: Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (PVL) genes may not be a reliable marker for community-acquired MRSA in the Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt

Antibiotic

Class

Antibiotic

Name

PVL-positive

PVL-negative

Total % of Resistance

MIC range (µgml − 1 )

% of Resistance

MIC range (µgml − 1 )

% of Resistance

β-lactams

Cefoxitine

8->256

100%

8->256

100%

100.00%

Macrolides

Erythromycin

4->256

97.9%

1->256

94.5%

96.20%

Quinolones

Ciprofloxacin

< 0.25-8

8.3%

< 0.25-16

5.4%

6.85%

Aminoglycosides

Gentamicin*

< 0.25->256

87.5%

1->256

67.2%

83.75%

Tetracyclines

Tetracycline

0.5->256

87.5%

0.5->256

80%

83.75%

lincomycin

Clindamycin*

0.25–128

83.3%

0.25–128

58.2%

70.75%

Glycopeptide

Vancomycin

< 0.25->256

25%

< 0.25->256

21.8%

23.4%

Folic acid inhibitors

Co-trimoxazole

0.5->256

64.6%

0.5->256

50.9%

57.75%

Fusidane

Fusidic acid

4->256

97.9%

4->256

96.3%

97.1%

  1. * Clindamycin and gentamicin resistances were significantly higher in PVL-positive than PVL-negative isolates (P < 0.05)