Table 4 Semi-quantitative inhibition % of the biofilm formation for non-treated and treated bacterial and yeast pathogens with Ag NPs, Se NPs, and bimetallic Ag-Se NPs

E. coli

0.888^c ± 0.008

0.118^c ± 0.002

0.159^d ± 0.002

0.109^d ± 0.009

86.71

82.09

87.70

 S. aureus

0.789^d ± 0.006

0.098^d ± 0.003

0.189^c ± 0.001

0.074^b ± 0.009

87.57

76.04

90.62

P. aeruginosa

0.912^a ± 0.007

0.122^b ± 0.005

0.280^b ± 0.005

0.089^c ± 0.009

86.62

69.29

90.24

 K. pneumoniae

0.891^b ± 0.002

0.389^a ± 0.006

0.445^a ± 0.006

0.198^e ± 0.009

56.34

50.72

77.77

 C. albicans

0.669^e ± 0.004

0.092^d ± 0.003

0.091^e ± 0.003

0.061^a ± 0.009

86.42

86.39

90.88