Table 1 Probiotic features observed following genome analysis of S-12

Bile resistance

Ornithine decarboxylase

Enhancement of intracellular Ph

Sodium bile acid symporter

Bile acid uptake

Acid tolerance

Alanine dehydrogenase

Pumps proton out of cell

Arginine decarboxylase

Proton consumption

Agmatine deiminase

Transform agmatine to putresine

Arginine deiminase

Transform arginine to citrulline

Arginine/Ornithine antiporter

Imports arginine and exports ornithine

Formate dehydrogenase

Pumps proton out of cell

F0F1 - ATP synthase

Proton translocation

Glutaminase

Converts glutamine to glutamate

Glycine betaine transport system

Osmoregulation

Glutamate decarboxylase

Transform glutamate to GABA

Lactate dehydrogenase

Maintenance NAD⁺/NADH balance

Ornithine transcarbamylase

Convert citrulline to Ornithine and carbamyl phosphate

Sodium hydrogen antiporter

Proton transporter