Fig. 3
Human nasal commensalS. epidermidispromoted the reduction of IL-33 production in the nasal epithelium. ARNE cells from four AR subjects were inoculated with human nasal commensal, S. epidermidis at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.25. Levels of mRNAs encoding epithelial cell-derived cytokines including interleukin including IL-33 (A) and GATA3 (B) which is transcription factor involved in Th2 cell differentiation were monitored by real-time PCR. Results are presented as mean ± SD values from four independent experiments. *p < 0.05 vs. mock-infected ARNE cells. Wild type mice (PBS/PBS) and AR mice (OVA/OVA) were inoculated with human nasal S. epidermidis (3.2 × 106 CFU/30 µl PBS) at indicated time points. The mRNA expression of IL-33 (C) was measured by real-time PCR and IL-33 protein concentration (D) secreted from nasal mucosa were measured by ELISA using nasal lavage fluid. The mRNA expression of GATA3 (E) was also measured using real-time PCR. Results are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD) (N = 5). *p < 0.05