Table 2 Minimum inhibitory concentrations of some antibiotics against probiotic strains and the detected antibiotic resistance genes
Antibiotic | Genes of resistance | Probiotic strain MICa (µg/mL), Antibiotic resistance pattern | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (P3) | Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus (P4) | Pediococcus acidilactici (P5) | ||
4, R | 1, S | 8, R | ||
Ampicillin | bla | - | - | - |
blaZ | + | + | + | |
Kanamycin | ˃1024, R | 1024, R | ˃1024, R | |
aph(3’’)-III | + | + | + | |
Gentamicin | 512, R | 64, R | ˃512, R | |
aac(6’)-aph(2’’) | + | + | + | |
Vancomycin | > 256, R | > 256, R | > 256, R | |
vanX | + | + | + | |
Erythromycin | 1, S | 0.5, S | 4, R | |
ermB | + | + | + | |