Fig. 1

Gut microbial characteristics of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). A Principal co-ordinates (PCoA) analysis of microbiota in AD and NC participants (n = 21, AD; n = 44, NC, P = 0.027). B Taxonomic differences of gut microbiota bacterial between AD and NC participants analyzed by Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) (LDA > 2.5, P < 0.05). Histogram represents the LDA scores for differentially abundant genera. *P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01