Fig. 5From: Melatonin confers heavy metal-induced tolerance by alleviating oxidative stress and reducing the heavy metal accumulation in Exophiala pisciphila, a dark septate endophyte (DSE)The effects of the overexpression of EpTDC1 and EpASMT1 on the optical density at 600 nm (OD600) of the transgenic Escherichia coli cultures. A total of 1.0 mM isopropyl β-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) was added to each culture to induce the expression of the recombinant protein. 50.0 mg L− 1 Cd2+(A, E), 100.0 mg L− 1 Pb2+(B, F), 70.0 mg L− 1 Cu2+(C, G), and 100.0 mg L− 1 Zn2+ (D, H) in cultures expressing EpTDC1 and EpASMT1, respectively. Data are means ± SD (n = 4). Asterisks indicate significant differences (P < 0.05*, P < 0.01**, P < 0.001***) compared to the control according to independent-samples t-testBack to article page