Skip to main content

Table 2 Analysis of risk factors for E. bieneusi infection

From: First identification and genotyping of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in humans in Myanmar

Variable

Examined no. (%)

Positive no (%)

ORa (95% CIb)

Ļ‡2/P-value

Demographic factor

Sex

Male

94/54.65

11/11.70

2.45 (0.75, 8.03)

1.56/0.21

Female

78/45.35

4/5.13

Age (years)

Children (<ā€‰ 13)

97/56.39

5/5.15

Ref

Ā 

Teenagers (13ā€“17)

41/23.84

5/12.20

0.39 (0.11, 1.43)

2.13/0.15

Adults (ā‰„ 18ā€‰years)

34/19.77

5/14.71

0.32 (0.09, 1.17)

3.26/0.07

Clinical symptoms

Diarrhea

Yes

42/24.42

3/7.14

0.76 (0.20, 2.82)

0.01/0.92

No

130/75.58

12/9.23

Abdominal pain

Yes

24/13.95

2/8.33

0.94 (0.20, 4.47)

0/1.00

No

148/86.05

13/8.78

Nausea

Yes

5/2.91

0

1.10 (1.05, 1.15)

āˆ’/1.00c

No

167/97.09

15/8.98

Emesis

Yes

8/4.65

1/12.5

1.53 (0.18, 13.35)

0/1.00

No

164/95.35

14/8.54

Anorexia

Yes

6/3.49

1/16.67

2.17 (0.24, 19.91)

0/1.00

No

166/96.51

14/8.43

Personal hygiene habits

Drinking boiled water

Yes

135/78.49

12/8.89

1.11 (0.30, 4.14)

0/1.00

No

37/21.51

3/8.11

Washing hands before meals

Yes

98/56.98

9/9.18

1.15 (0.39, 3.38)

0.06/0.80

No

74/43.02

6/8.11

Washing hands after using toilets

Yes

73/42.44

9/12.33

2.18 (0.74, 6.42)

2.07/0.15

No

99/57.56

6/6.06

Eating unwashed vegetables and fruits

Yes

145/84.30

15/10.34

0.90 (0.85, 0.95)

āˆ’/0.13c

No

27/15.70

0

Ref

Ā 

Others

Pit toilets

Public

166/96.51

15/9.04

0.91 (0.87, 0.95)

āˆ’/1.00c

Individual

6/3.49

0

Animal feeding patterns

Free-ranging

36/20.93

2/5.56

0.56 (0.07, 4.29)

0/0.98

Both free-ranging and captive

115/66.86

11/9.57

1.01 (0.21, 4.90)

0/1.00

Captive

21/12.21

2/9.52

Ref

Ā 
  1. a OR Odds ratio. b CI Confidence interval. c Fisherā€™s exact test