Fig. 4

Effects of diet and age on the microbial composition at the phylum (a), class (b), family (c), and genus (d) levels. Data are means ± SEM. Data were analyzed by Student’s t-test (*P < 0.05) and two-way ANOVA (#, P < 0.05 for age effect; †, P < 0.05 for diet effect; §, P < 0.05 for the interaction between age and diet). ND10, normal fat diet for 10 weeks (n = 5); HFD10, high-fat diet for 10 weeks (n = 5); ND20, normal fat diet for 20 weeks (n = 3); and HFD20, high-fat diet for 20 weeks (n = 3)