Fig. 6

Lamin staining of ‘Ca. Berkiella cookevillensis’-treated HeLa cells. Indirect immunofluorescent staining of lamin A/C (green) performed in conjunction with a DAPI stain (blue) for HeLa cell and bacterial DNA. a Representative confocal micrographs of HeLa cells infected with ‘Ca. B. cookevillensis’ at an MOI of 200 for 24 h demonstrate the invasion process of bacteria-containing vacuoles into the host nucleus (i-iii). (i) Image depicts the bacteria-containing vacuole localized to the juxtanuclear region of the HeLa cell with lamin staining indicating an intact nuclear lamina. (ii) Entry of the ‘Ca. B. cookevillensis’ vacuole into the nucleus. Asterisk (*) denotes site of nucleus invasion with a disruption of lamin staining. (iii) Intact bacteria-containing vacuole within the nucleus of the host cell with no indication of lamin staining of the ‘Ca. B. cookevillensis’ vacuole. Bars, 2 μm. b z-y and z-x projections demonstrate the bacteria-containing vacuole within the nucleus