Fig. 1

Lymphocyte proliferation and apoptosis responses. Proliferation of splenocytes from uninfected mice (Mice), S. enterica-infected BALB/c mice (Ctrl), or S. enterica-infected, probiotic-treated mice to LPS (LPS), concanavalin-A (Con-A), or soluble S. enterica antigens (Se Ag) was measured as change in absorbance of MTS at 490 nm (a). Apoptosis was measured as activation of caspases 3 and 7 in splenocytes from uninfected mice (Mice), S. enterica-infected mice (Ctrl), or S. enterica-infected, probiotic-treated mice to LPS (LPS), concanavalin-A (Con-A), or soluble S. enterica antigens (Se Ag), detected as relative fluorescence intensity (RFI) of caspase substrate, were compared (b). The asterisks indicate statistically significant differences between control (Ctrl) and treated groups by ANOVA, P < 0.05