Figure 3

Probiotic traits of L. gasseri isolates. (A) Growth inhibition by L. gasseri. Growth of selected oral bacteria exposed to increasing concentrations of L. gasseri strain (B16) isolated from saliva. —— completely inhibited growth (score 0), - - - - - partially inhibited growth (score 1), and blank no effect on growth (score 2). (B) Adhesion to host ligand coated hydroxyapatite (HA). Adhesion of L. gasseri strain B16 to HA in the presence of selected host ligands. Data are presented as mean ± SEM for percent bacteria binding of added cells. Host ligands were from one adult donor of submandibular/sublingual saliva, two adult donors of parotid saliva and breast milk and purified MFGM (1 mg/mL). Background binding to bovine serum albumin blocked beads (no saliva) was <6%. (C) Adhesion to saliva-coated hydroxyapatite after bacterial pretreatment. Adhesion of L. gasseri strain B16 or S. mutans strain Ingbritt to parotid and submandibular/sublingual saliva before and after pre-incubation with S. mutans strain Ingbritt or L. gasseri strain B16, respectively. Data are presented as mean ± SEM for percent bacteria binding of added cells. Background binding to bovine serum albumin blocked beads (no saliva) was <6%.