Table 2 Time series of macrolide resistance gene presence, sequence types, and serotypes in S. pneumoniae clinical isolates
| Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Time period | Â | Â | Â |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | 1999-2000 | 2001-2002 | 2003-2004 | 2005-2006 | 2007-2008 | ||||
Macrolide-resistant S. pneumoniae population | Sequence types (no. isolates) | Serotyp ea (no. tested) | No. isolates | Sequence types (no. isolates) | Serotypea (no. tested) | Sequence types (no. isolates) | Serotypea (no. tested) | Sequence types (no. isolates) | Serotypea (no. tested) |
Dual mef(E)/erm(B)-positive | 271 (4) | 19F (4) | 0 | 320b (2) | 19A (2) | 320b (19) | 19A (16) | 320b (24) | 19A (21) |
| Â | 1412b,e (1) | 19F (1) | Â | 1396b (2) | 19F (2) | 320b,e (2) | 19A (1) | 1459b (1) | NT |
| Â | 3039b,g (1) | 19F (1) | Â | 271 (1) | 19F (1) | 271 (2) | 19F (2) | NFb (1) | 19A (1) |
| Â | NFb,c (2) | 19F (2) | Â | NT (1) | 19F (1) | 1459b (2) | 19F (1) | NTe (1) | NT |
| Â | NTd (1) | 19F (1) | Â | Â | Â | 3039b (1) | 19F (1) | Â | Â |
| Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1396b,e (1) | 19F (1) | Â | Â |
| Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | NFb (3) | 19F (2) | Â | Â |
| Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | NT (1) | Â | Â | Â |
Total for time period | 9 (39.1%) | Â | Â | 6 (40.0%) | Â | 31 (58.5%) | Â | 27 (67.5%) | Â |
mef(E)-positive | 236b (2) | 19F (2) | 0 | 376 (2) | 6A (2) | 2705 (3) | 33A/F/37 (3) | 3280 (3) | NT |
| Â | 13g (1) | NT | Â | 1186 (2) | NT | 1186 (3) | NT | 1379 (2) | 6C (2) |
| Â | 156 (1) | 6A (1) | Â | 1556 (1) | NT | 236b (2) | 19F (2) | 162f (1) | NT |
| Â | 376 (1) | 6A (1) | Â | 6422 (1) | NT | 156 (1) | 9V (1) | 199 (1) | 19A (1) |
| Â | 384f (1) | 6B (1) | Â | NTf (1) | 6C | 199 (1) | 19A (1) | 344 (1) | NT |
| Â | 384g (1) | 6B (1) | Â | Â | Â | 558 (1) | 35B (1) | 1518 (1) | 6B (1) |
| Â | NFg (1) | NT | Â | Â | Â | 1379 (1) | 6C (1) | NF (1) | 6A (1) |
| Â | NT (2) | NT | Â | Â | Â | 3065 (1) | 6C (1) | Â | Â |
| Â | NTf (1) | NT | Â | Â | Â | NFf (1) | 19F (1) | Â | Â |
| Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | NT (1) | 6C (1) | Â | Â |
| Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | NTf (1) | NT | Â | Â |
Total for time period | 11 (47.8%) | Â | Â | 7 (46.7%) | Â | 16 (30.2%) | Â | 10 (25.0%) | Â |
erm(B)-positive | 315 (2) | 6B (2) | 0 | 63 (1) | 15A/15F (1) | 63 (5) | 15A/15F (5) | 63 (2) | 15A/15F (2) |
| Â | 3066g (1) | 18A/B/C/F (1) | Â | NT (1) | Â | 180 (1) | 3 (1) | Â | Â |
Total for time period | 3 (13.1%) | Â | Â | 2 (13.3%) | Â | 6 (11.3%) | Â | 2 (5.0%) | Â |
mef(A)-positive | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1111 (1) | 6C (1) |
Total for time | 0 | Â | 0 | 0 | Â | 0 | Â | 1 (2.5%) | Â |
Total macrolide resistant/Total no. isolates collected | 23/131 (17.6%) | 0/34 (0%) | 15/54 (27.8%) | 53/223 (23.8%) | 40/150 (26.7%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |