Fig. 4

(A) Venn diagram of genera between PN group and HC group. The shared region represents genera that are present in both groups, while the separate regions represent genera specific to each group. The size of each region corresponds to the number of genera within it. (B) Relative abundance (%) of genera in the PN and HC groups. Genera are arranged on the y-axis, and the x-axis represents the relative abundance (%) of each genus. The different colors represent different genera, and the heights of the bars indicate the abundance of each genus. (C) Heatmap of the salivary sample similarity and difference matrix. Each row and column in the heatmap correspond to a sample, and the color intensity reflects the degree of similarity or difference between samples. (D) The co-occurrence relationships of core bacteria between the PN and HC groups. Each node represents a bacterial genus, and the edges indicate co-occurrence relationships between them. The size of the nodes reflects the abundance or prevalence of each bacterial genus, while the thickness of the edges represents the strength of their co-occurrence relationship