Fig. 1
The influence of colonic pH on GM diversity after 24 h of fermentation. Observed species (A) and Shannon index (B) of the microbial community, Db-RDA biplot (C) showing microbial variance explained by colonic pH with adjusted R2 (D) and pairwise PERMANOVA tests (E) on Bray Curtis metrics. A t-test was applied to determine the influence of pH on alpha diversity for three inocula with a single substrate. Benjamin-Hochberg FDR (false discovery rate) correction was adopted for multiple testing. Significant differences between changed colonic pH are labeled with * (p < 0.05), ** (p < 0.01) and *** (p < 0.001), respectively. Significant differences relative to inoculum are labeled with # (p < 0.05)