From: Analysis of virulence factors of Helicobacter pylori isolated from a Vietnamese population
 |  | Total (n = 103) | Ho Chi Minh (n = 49) | Hanoi (n = 54) |
---|---|---|---|---|
cagA pre-EPIYA | Vietnamese pre-EPIYA type | 80 (77%) | 39 (80%) | 41 (76%) |
 | East Asian pre-EPIYA type | 13 (13%) | 4 (8%) | 9 (17%) |
 | Western pre-EPIYA type | 5 (5%) | 3 (6%) | 2 (4%) |
cagA repeat | East Asian type (ABD type) | 94 (93%) | 43 (88%) | 51 (94%) |
 | Western type (ABC type) | 4 (4%) | 3 (6%) | 1 (2%) |
cagA (-) | Â | 5 (5%) | 3 (6%) | 2 (4%) |
cag right-end | I | 9 (9%) | 8 (16%) | 1 (2%) |
 | II | 87 (84%) | 37 (76%) | 50 (93%) |
 | III | 4 (4%) | 2 (4%) | 2 (4%) |
 | N.D. | 3 (3%) | 2 (4%) | 1 (2%) |
vacA s* | s1 | 103 (100%) | 49 (100%) | 54 (100%) |
 | s2 | 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (2%) |
vacA m†| m1 | 44 (43%) | 15 (31%) | 29 (54%) |
 | m2 | 54 (52%) | 32 (65%) | 22 (41%) |
 | N.D. | 5 (5%) | 2 (4%) | 3 (6%) |