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  1. Bacillus cereus is most commonly associated with foodborne illness (diarrheal and emetic) but is also an opportunistic pathogen that can cause severe and fatal infections. Several multilocus sequence typing (MLST...

    Authors: Alex R Hoffmaster, Ryan T Novak, Chung K Marston, Jay E Gee, Leta Helsel, James M Pruckler and Patricia P Wilkins
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:191
  2. Pseudomonas fluorescens is a ubiquitous Gram-negative bacterium frequently encountered in hospitals as a contaminant of injectable material and surfaces. This psychrotrophic bacterium, commonly described as unabl...

    Authors: Gaelle Rossignol, Annabelle Merieau, Josette Guerillon, Wilfried Veron, Olivier Lesouhaitier, Marc GJ Feuilloley and Nicole Orange
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:189
  3. The luxS/AI-2 signaling pathway has been reported to interfere with important physiological and pathogenic functions in a variety of bacteria. In the present study, we investigated the functional role of the stre...

    Authors: Maria Siller, Rajendra P Janapatla, Zaid A Pirzada, Christine Hassler, Daniela Zinkl and Emmanuelle Charpentier
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:188
  4. Invasion of host tissue by the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans is an important step during the development of candidosis. However, not all C. albicans strains possess the same invasive and virulence proper...

    Authors: Sascha Thewes, Gary P Moran, Beatrice B Magee, Martin Schaller, Derek J Sullivan and Bernhard Hube
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:187
  5. The lantibiotic mersacidin is an antimicrobial peptide of 20 amino acids that is ribosomally produced by Bacillus sp. strain HIL Y-85,54728. Mersacidin acts by complexing the sugar phosphate head group of the pep...

    Authors: Peter Sass, Andrea Jansen, Christiane Szekat, Vera Sass, Hans-Georg Sahl and Gabriele Bierbaum
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:186
  6. The increasing number of genomic sequences of bacteria makes it possible to select unique SNPs of a particular strain/species at the whole genome level and thus design specific primers based on the SNPs. The h...

    Authors: Jiqiang Yao, Hong Lin, Allen Van Deynze, Harshavardhan Doddapaneni, Martha Francis, Eliana Gertrudes Macedo Lemos and Edwin L Civerolo
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:185
  7. A study to evaluate the biofilm-development ability in three different media (Middlebrook 7H9, sterile tap water and PBS-5% glucose) was performed with 19 collection strains from 15 different species on non-pi...

    Authors: Jaime Esteban, Nieves Z Martín-de-Hijas, Teemu J Kinnari, Guillermo Ayala, Ricardo Fernández-Roblas and Ignacio Gadea
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:184
  8. Most extracellular virulence factors produced by Bacillus cereus are regulated by the pleiotropic transcriptional activator PlcR. Among strains belonging to the B. cereus group, the plcR gene is always located in...

    Authors: Julien Brillard, Kim Susanna, Caroline Michaud, Claire Dargaignaratz, Michel Gohar, Christina Nielsen-Leroux, Nalini Ramarao, Anne-Brit Kolstø, Christophe Nguyen-the, Didier Lereclus and Véronique Broussolle
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:183
  9. Salmonellosis is one of the most important bacterial food borne illnesses worldwide. A major source of infection for humans is consumption of chicken or egg products that have been contaminated with Salmonella en...

    Authors: Christine P Sivula, Lydia M Bogomolnaya and Helene L Andrews-Polymenis
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:182
  10. Acid tolerance in Escherichia coli O157:H7 contributes to persistence in its bovine host and is thought to promote passage through the gastric barrier of humans. Dps (DNA-binding protein in starved cells) mutants...

    Authors: Kwang Cheol Jeong, Kai Foong Hung, David J Baumler, Jeffrey J Byrd and Charles W Kaspar
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:181
  11. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a major cause of infant and child mortality in developing countries. This enteric pathogen causes profuse watery diarrhea by elaborating one or more enterotoxins that in...

    Authors: Maria D Bodero, Elizabeth A Harden and George P Munson
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:180
  12. Culture-independent methods based on the 16S ribosomal RNA molecule are nowadays widely used for assessment of the composition of the intestinal microbiota, in relation to host health or probiotic efficacy. Be...

    Authors: Sophie Mathys, Christophe Lacroix, Raffaella Mini and Leo Meile
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:179
  13. Classical Salmonella serotyping is an expensive and time consuming process that requires implementing a battery of O and H antisera to detect 2,541 different Salmonella enterica serovars. For these reasons, we de...

    Authors: Yang Hong, Tongrui Liu, Margie D Lee, Charles L Hofacre, Marie Maier, David G White, Sherry Ayers, Lihua Wang, Roy Berghaus and John J Maurer
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:178
  14. Human and animal health is constantly under threat by emerging pathogens that have recently acquired genetic determinants that enhance their survival, transmissibility and virulence. We describe the constructi...

    Authors: Richard A Stabler, Lisa F Dawson, Petra CF Oyston, Richard W Titball, Jim Wade, Jason Hinds, Adam A Witney and Brendan W Wren
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:177
  15. The majority of commensal gastrointestinal bacteria used as probiotics are highly adapted to the specialised environment of the large bowel. However, unlike pathogenic bacteria; they are often inadequately equ...

    Authors: Debbie Watson, Roy D Sleator, Colin Hill and Cormac GM Gahan
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:176
  16. Bacterial and cellular genotyping is becoming increasingly important in the diagnosis of infectious diseases. However, difficulties in obtaining sufficient amount of bacterial and cellular DNA extracted from t...

    Authors: Anna Ryberg, Kurt Borch, Yi-Qian Sun and Hans-Jürg Monstein
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:175
  17. Sulphur compounds like cysteine, methionine and S-adenosylmethionine are essential for the viability of most cells. Thus many organisms have developed a complex regulatory circuit that governs the expression o...

    Authors: Gabriela Gremel, Marcel Dorrer and Monika Schmoll
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:174
  18. Streptococcus pneumoniae is a common respiratory pathogen and a major causative agent of respiratory infections, including otitis media (OM). Pneumococcal biofilms have been demonstrated on biopsies of the middle...

    Authors: Luanne Hall-Stoodley, Laura Nistico, Karthik Sambanthamoorthy, Bethany Dice, Duc Nguyen, William J Mershon, Candice Johnson, Fen Ze Hu, Paul Stoodley, Garth D Ehrlich and J Christopher Post
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:173
  19. After infecting a mammalian host, the facultative intracellular bacterium, Francisella tularensis, encounters an elevated environmental temperature. We hypothesized that this temperature change may regulate genes...

    Authors: Joseph Horzempa, Paul E Carlson Jr, Dawn M O'Dee, Robert MQ Shanks and Gerard J Nau
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:172
  20. Microbiological indicators are commonly used in the assessment of public health risks associated with fecal contamination of freshwater ecosystems. Sediments are a reservoir of microorganisms, and can thus pro...

    Authors: Stefania Marcheggiani, Marcello Iaconelli, Annamaria D'angelo, Elio Pierdominici, Giuseppina La Rosa, Michele Muscillo, Michele Equestre and Laura Mancini
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:171
  21. The M-like protein, also known as SzP, is expressed on the surface of Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus (S. zooepidemicus). Previous studies demonstrated that SzP is similar to M protein of group A Streptoc...

    Authors: Hongjie Fan, Yongshan Wang, Fuyu Tang and Chengping Lu
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:170
  22. The yeast Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous synthesizes astaxanthin, a carotenoid with high commercial interest. The proposed biosynthetic route in this organism is isopentenyl-pyrophosphate (IPP) → geranyleranyl pyr...

    Authors: Jennifer Alcaíno, Salvador Barahona, Marisela Carmona, Carla Lozano, Andrés Marcoleta, Mauricio Niklitschek, Dionisia Sepúlveda, Marcelo Baeza and Víctor Cifuentes
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:169
  23. Photorhabdus are motile members of the family Enterobactericeae that are pathogenic to insect larvae whilst also maintaining a mutualistic interaction with entomophagous nematodes of the family Heterorhabditiae. ...

    Authors: Catherine A Easom and David J Clarke
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:168
  24. Mycoplasma pneumoniae has previously been characterized as a micro-organism that is genetically highly stable. In spite of this genetic stability, homologous DNA recombination has been hypothesized to lie at the ...

    Authors: Marcel Sluijter, Theo Hoogenboezem, Nico G Hartwig and Cornelis Vink
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:167
  25. Highly virulent enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains possess three sodC genes encoding for periplasmic Cu, Zn superoxide dismutases: sodC, which is identical to the gene present in non-pathogenic E....

    Authors: Melania D'Orazio, Raffaella Scotti, Laura Nicolini, Laura Cervoni, Giuseppe Rotilio, Andrea Battistoni and Roberta Gabbianelli
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:166
  26. Lactobacillus brevis ATCC 8287 is covered by a regular surface (S-) layer consisting of a 435 amino acid protein SlpA. This protein is completely unrelated in sequence to the previously characterized S-layer prot...

    Authors: Silja Åvall-Jääskeläinen, Ulla Hynönen, Nicola Ilk, Dietmar Pum, Uwe B Sleytr and Airi Palva
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:165
  27. Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, the causal agent of bacterial blight disease, is a serious pathogen of rice. Here we describe a fluorescent marker system to study virulence and pathogenicity of X. oryzae pv. oryza...

    Authors: Sang-Wook Han, Chang-Jin Park, Sang-Won Lee and Pamela C Ronald
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:164
  28. Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a marine seafood-borne pathogen causing gastrointestinal disorders in humans. Thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) and TDH-related hemolysin (TRH) are known as major virulence determinan...

    Authors: Wataru Yamazaki, Masanori Ishibashi, Ryuji Kawahara and Kiyoshi Inoue
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:163
  29. Bordetella pertussis causes whooping cough or pertussis in humans. It produces several virulence factors, of which the fimbriae are considered adhesins and elicit immune responses in the host. B. pertussis has th...

    Authors: Eriikka Heikkinen, Dorothy K Xing, Rose-Marie Ölander, Jukka Hytönen, Matti K Viljanen, Jussi Mertsola and Qiushui He
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:162
  30. Probiotics such as bifidobacteria have been shown to maintain a healthy intestinal microbial balance and help protect against infections. However, despite these benefits, bifidobacteria still remain poorly und...

    Authors: Michelle Cronin, Roy D Sleator, Colin Hill, Gerald F Fitzgerald and Douwe van Sinderen
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:161
  31. The prokaryotic FAD synthetase family – a group of bifunctional enzymes that catalyse riboflavin phosphorylation and FMN adenylylation within a single polypeptide chain- was analysed in terms of sequence and s...

    Authors: Susana Frago, Marta Martínez-Júlvez, Ana Serrano and Milagros Medina
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:160
  32. Bacillus anthracis has two major virulence factors: a tripartite toxin that produces lethal and edema toxins and a polyglutamic acid capsule. A recent report suggested that a toxin belonging to the cholesterol de...

    Authors: Antonio Nakouzi, Johanna Rivera, Richard F Rest and Arturo Casadevall
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:159
  33. Paracoccidioides brasiliensis is a dimorphic fungus that causes the most prevalent systemic mycosis in Latin America. The response to heat shock is involved in pathogenesis, as this pathogen switches from myceliu...

    Authors: André M Nicola, Rosângela V Andrade, Alessandra S Dantas, Patrícia A Andrade, Fabrício BM Arraes, Larissa Fernandes, Ildinete Silva-Pereira and Maria Sueli S Felipe
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:158
  34. Candida species have become the fourth most-frequent cause of nosocomial bloodstream infections in immunocompromised patients. Therefore, rapid identification of pathogenic fungi to species level has been conside...

    Authors: Véronique Apaire-Marchais, Marie Kempf, Corinne Lefrançois, Agnès Marot, Patricia Licznar, Jane Cottin, Daniel Poulain and Raymond Robert
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:157
  35. A real-time multiplex PCR assay was developed for the detection of multiple Salmonella serotypes in chicken samples. Poultry-associated serotypes detected in the assay include Enteritidis, Gallinarum, Typhimurium...

    Authors: Edel O'Regan, Evonne McCabe, Catherine Burgess, Sheila McGuinness, Thomas Barry, Geraldine Duffy, Paul Whyte and Séamus Fanning
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:156
  36. The hfq gene is conserved in a wide variety of bacteria and Hfq is involved in many cellular functions such as stress responses and the regulation of gene expression. It has also been reported that Hfq is involve...

    Authors: Masayuki Nakano, Akira Takahashi, Zehong Su, Nagakatsu Harada, Kazuaki Mawatari and Yutaka Nakaya
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:155
  37. Yersinia outer protein (Yop) H is a secreted virulence factor of Yersinia enterocolitica (Ye), which inhibits phagocytosis of Ye and contributes to the virulence of Ye in mice. The aim of this study was to addres...

    Authors: Gianluca Matteoli, Edda Fahl, Philipp Warnke, Steffen Müller, Michael Bonin, Ingo B Autenrieth and Erwin Bohn
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:153
  38. Tularemia was reported in China over 50 years ago, however, many epidemical characteristics remain unclear. In the present study, the prevalence of Francisella tularensis in ticks was investigated during an epide...

    Authors: Fang Zhang, Wei Liu, Xiao-Ming Wu, Zhong-Tao Xin, Qiu-Min Zhao, Hong Yang and Wu-Chun Cao
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:152
  39. Mouse virulence assessments of certain Mycobacterium tuberculosis mutants have revealed an immunopathology defect in which high tissue CFU counts are observed but the tissue pathology and lethality are reduced. M...

    Authors: Khairul-Bariah Abdul-Majid, Lan H Ly, Paul J Converse, Deborah E Geiman, David N McMurray and William R Bishai
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:151
  40. Group A streptococcus (GAS) causes a wide variety of life threatening diseases in humans and the incidence of such infections is high in developing countries like India. Although distribution of emm types of GAS ...

    Authors: Vivek Sagar, Rajesh Kumar, Nirmal K Ganguly and Anuradha Chakraborti
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:150
  41. To date, only few compounds targeting the AI-2 based quorum sensing (QS) system are known. In the present study, we screened cinnamaldehyde and substituted cinnamaldehydes for their ability to interfere with A...

    Authors: Gilles Brackman, Tom Defoirdt, Carol Miyamoto, Peter Bossier, Serge Van Calenbergh, Hans Nelis and Tom Coenye
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:149
  42. Predicting antibiotic resistance before it emerges at clinical settings constitutes a novel approach for preventing and fighting resistance of bacterial pathogens. To analyse the possibility that novel plasmid...

    Authors: María B Sánchez, Alvaro Hernández, José M Rodríguez-Martínez, Luis Martínez-Martínez and José L Martínez
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:148
  43. The staphylococcal QacA multidrug efflux protein confers resistance to an exceptional number of structurally unrelated antimicrobial compounds. Aromatic amino acid residues have been shown to be highly importa...

    Authors: Jingqin Wu, Karl A Hassan, Ronald A Skurray and Melissa H Brown
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:147
  44. Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) is a zoonotic pathogen, which can be found in many sources including animals and the environment. However, little is known about the molecular relatedness...

    Authors: Seongbeom Cho, Thomas S Whittam, David J Boxrud, Joanne M Bartkus and A Mahdi Saeed
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:146
  45. Francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia, is one of the most infectious human bacterial pathogens. It is phagocytosed by immune cells, such as monocytes and macrophages. The precise mechanisms tha...

    Authors: Monique Barel, Ara G Hovanessian, Karin Meibom, Jean-Paul Briand, Marion Dupuis and Alain Charbit
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:145
  46. Attaching and effacing Escherichia coli (AEEC) are characterized by their ability to cause attaching-and-effacing (A/E) lesions in the gut mucosa of human and animal hosts leading to diarrhoea. The genetic determ...

    Authors: Erik Fröhlicher, Gladys Krause, Claudio Zweifel, Lothar Beutin and Roger Stephan
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:144
  47. Breast milk is an important source of staphylococci and other bacterial groups to the infant gut. The objective of this work was to analyse the bacterial diversity in feces of breast-fed infants and to compare...

    Authors: Esther Jiménez, Susana Delgado, Antonio Maldonado, Rebeca Arroyo, Mar Albújar, Natalia García, Manel Jariod, Leonides Fernández, Adolfo Gómez and Juan M Rodríguez
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:143
  48. Cyanopeptolins are nonribosomally produced heptapetides showing a highly variable composition. The cyanopeptolin synthetase operon has previously been investigated in three strains from the genera Microcystis, Pl...

    Authors: Trine B Rounge, Thomas Rohrlack, Tom Kristensen and Kjetill S Jakobsen
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:141

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