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  1. The presence of prophages has been an important variable in genetic exchange and divergence in most bacteria. This study reports the determination of the genomic sequence of Salmonella phage ε34, a temperate bact...

    Authors: Robert Villafane, Milka Zayas, Eddie B Gilcrease, Andrew M Kropinski and Sherwood R Casjens
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:227
  2. Iron is recognized as an important trace element, essential for most organisms including pathogenic bacteria. HugZ, a protein related to heme iron utilization, is involved in bacterial acquisition of iron from...

    Authors: Ying Guo, Gang Guo, Xuhu Mao, Weijun Zhang, Jie Xiao, Wende Tong, Tao Liu, Bin Xiao, Xiaofei Liu, Youjun Feng and Quanming Zou
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:226
  3. C. glutamicum has traditionally been grown in neutral-pH media for amino acid production, but in a previous article we reported that this microorganism is a moderate alkaliphile since it grows optimally at pH 7.0...

    Authors: Mónica Barriuso-Iglesias, Daniela Schluesener, Carlos Barreiro, Ansgar Poetsch and Juan F Martín
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:225
  4. Bacteria of the genus Brucella are the causative organisms of brucellosis in animals and man. Previous characterisation of Brucella strains originating from marine mammals showed them to be distinct from the terr...

    Authors: Claire E Dawson, Emma J Stubberfield, Lorraine L Perrett, Amanda C King, Adrian M Whatmore, John B Bashiruddin, Judy A Stack and Alastair P MacMillan
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:224
  5. The usefulness of available vaccine and serological tests for leptospirosis is limited by the low cross-reactivity of antigens from numerous serovars of pathogenic Leptospira spp. Identification of genus-specific...

    Authors: Haiyan Dong, Ye Hu, Feng Xue, Dexter Sun, David M Ojcius, Yafei Mao and Jie Yan
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:223
  6. The main tool to discover novel microbial eukaryotes is the rRNA approach. This approach has important biases, including PCR discrimination against certain rRNA gene species, which makes molecular inventories ...

    Authors: Sunok Jeon, John Bunge, Chesley Leslin, Thorsten Stoeck, Sunhee Hong and Slava S Epstein
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:222
  7. Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen that forms biofilms. The global regulator sarA is essential for biofilm formation. Since the modulator of sarA (msa) is required for full expression of sarA and regu...

    Authors: Karthik Sambanthamoorthy, Antony Schwartz, Vijayaraj Nagarajan and Mohamed O Elasri
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:221
  8. BOX-A1R-based repetitive extragenic palindromic-PCR (BOX-PCR) is one of the most used techniques in biogeography studies of microbial isolates. However the traditional separation of BOX-PCR patterns by agarose...

    Authors: Lorenzo Brusetti, Iana Malkhazova, Maher Gtari, Isabella Tamagnini, Sara Borin, Maya Merabishvili, Nina Chanishvili, Diego Mora, Francesca Cappitelli and Daniele Daffonchio
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:220
  9. Bacterial genomes harbour a large number of tandem repeats, yet the possible phenotypic effects of those found within the coding region of genes are only beginning to be examined. Evidence exists from other or...

    Authors: David A Coil, Liesbeth Vandersmissen, Christophe Ginevra, Sophie Jarraud, Elke Lammertyn and Jozef Anné
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:218
  10. The OmcB protein is one of the most immunogenic proteins in C. trachomatis and C. pneumoniae infections. This protein is highly conserved leading to serum cross reactivity between the various chlamydial species. ...

    Authors: Olfa Frikha-Gargouri, Radhouane Gdoura, Abir Znazen, Boutheina Gargouri, Jalel Gargouri, Ahmed Rebai and Adnene Hammami
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:217
  11. Acinetobacter baumannii is a nosocomial pathogen of increasing importance, but the pathogenic mechanism of this microorganism has not been fully explored. This study investigated the potential of A. baumannii to ...

    Authors: Chul Hee Choi, Jun Sik Lee, Yoo Chul Lee, Tae In Park and Je Chul Lee
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:216
  12. Francisella tularensis subsp. tularensis is classified as a Category A bioweapon that is capable of establishing a lethal infection in humans upon inhalation of very few organisms. However, the virulence mechanis...

    Authors: Sandra S Ojeda, Zheng J Wang, Chris A Mares, Tingtung A Chang, Qun Li, Elizabeth G Morris, Paul A Jerabek and Judy M Teale
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:215
  13. Toxin complex (Tc) proteins termed TcaABC, TcdAB, and TccABC with insecticidal activity are present in a variety of bacteria including the yersiniae.

    Authors: Thilo M Fuchs, Geraldine Bresolin, Lisa Marcinowski, Joachim Schachtner and Siegfried Scherer
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:214
  14. Obligate intracellular pathogens belonging to the Chlamydiaceae family possess a number of mechanisms by which to manipulate the host cell and surrounding environment. Such capabilities include the inhibition of ...

    Authors: David V Pollack, Nancy L Croteau and Elizabeth S Stuart
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:213
  15. The cell tropism of Brucella abortus, a causative agent of brucellosis and facultative intracellular pathogen, in the placenta is thought to be a key event of infectious abortion, although the molecular mechanism...

    Authors: Kenta Watanabe, Masato Tachibana, Satoshi Tanaka, Hidefumi Furuoka, Motohiro Horiuchi, Hiroshi Suzuki and Masahisa Watarai
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:212
  16. In man, infection by the Gram-negative enteropathogen Yersinia pseudotuberculosis is usually limited to the terminal ileum. However, in immunocompromised patients, the microorganism may disseminate from the diges...

    Authors: Marie-Laure Rosso, Sylvie Chauvaux, Rodrigue Dessein, Caroline Laurans, Lionel Frangeul, Céline Lacroix, Angèle Schiavo, Marie-Agnès Dillies, Jeannine Foulon, Jean-Yves Coppée, Claudine Médigue, Elisabeth Carniel, Michel Simonet and Michaël Marceau
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:211
  17. Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato DC3000 (DC3000) is a Gram-negative model plant pathogen that is found in a wide variety of environments. To survive in these diverse conditions it must sense and respond to various ...

    Authors: Philip A Bronstein, Melanie J Filiatrault, Christopher R Myers, Michael Rutzke, David J Schneider and Samuel W Cartinhour
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:209
  18. Small heat shock proteins are ubiquitous family of stress proteins, having a role in virulence and survival of the pathogen. M. leprae, the causative agent of leprosy is an uncultivable organism in defined media,...

    Authors: Nirmala Lini, Elengikal Abdul Azeez Rehna, Sugathan Shiburaj, Jayapal Jeya Maheshwari, Nallakandy Panagadan Shankernarayan and Kuppamuthu Dharmalingam
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:208
  19. In the absence of effective drugs, controlling SARS relies on the rapid identification of cases and appropriate management of the close contacts, or effective vaccines for SARS. Therefore, developing specific ...

    Authors: Feng Mu, Dongsheng Niu, Jingsong Mu, Bo He, Weiguo Han, Baoxing Fan, Shengyong Huang, Yan Qiu, Bo You and Weijun Chen
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:207
  20. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is an oral bacterium associated with aggressive forms of periodontitis. Increasing evidence points to a link between periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases, however, the u...

    Authors: Jan Oscarsson, Maribasappa Karched, Bernard Thay, Casey Chen and Sirkka Asikainen
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:206
  21. Host defense peptides (HDPs), or antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), are important components of the innate immune system that bacterial pathogens must overcome to establish an infection and HDPs have been suggeste...

    Authors: Caroline Trebbien Gottlieb, Line Elnif Thomsen, Hanne Ingmer, Per Holse Mygind, Hans-Henrik Kristensen and Lone Gram
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:205
  22. Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) causes the chronic enteritis called paratuberculosis mainly in cattle, sheep and goats. Evidences that point out an association between Map and Crohn's Disease in...

    Authors: Iker Sevilla, Lingling Li, Alongkorn Amonsin, Joseba M Garrido, Maria V Geijo, Vivek Kapur and Ramón A Juste
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:204
  23. Iron is an essential nutrient but can be toxic at high intracellular concentrations and organisms have evolved tightly regulated mechanisms for iron uptake and homeostasis. Information on iron management mecha...

    Authors: Héctor Osorio, Verónica Martínez, Pamela A Nieto, David S Holmes and Raquel Quatrini
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:203
  24. All bacterial genomes contain repetitive sequences which are members of specific DNA families. Such repeats may occur as single units, or found clustered in multiple copies in a head-to-tail configuration at s...

    Authors: Emanuela Roscetto, Francesco Rocco, M Stella Carlomagno, Mariassunta Casalino, Bianca Colonna, Raffaele Zarrilli and Pier Paolo Di Nocera
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:202
  25. PstS is a phosphate-binding lipoprotein that is part of the high-affinity phosphate transport system. Streptomyces lividans accumulates high amounts of the PstS protein in the supernatant of liquid cultures grown...

    Authors: Ana Esteban, Margarita Díaz, Ana Yepes and Ramón I Santamaría
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:201
  26. The mce4 operon is one of the four homologues of mammalian cell entry (mce) operons of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The mce4A (Rv3499c) gene within this operon is homologous to mce1A (Rv0169), that has a role in h...

    Authors: Neeraj Kumar Saini, Monika Sharma, Amita Chandolia, Rashmi Pasricha, Vani Brahmachari and Mridula Bose
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:200
  27. Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 1 causes > 20% of invasive disease, among all age groups combined, in The Gambia. In contrast, it is rarely detected in carriage studies. This study compares the molecular epidem...

    Authors: Martin Antonio, Ishrat Hakeem, Timothy Awine, Ousman Secka, Kawsu Sankareh, David Nsekpong, George Lahai, Abiodun Akisanya, Uzochukwu Egere, Godwin Enwere, Syed MA Zaman, Philip C Hill, Tumani Corrah, Felicity Cutts, Brian M Greenwood and Richard A Adegbola
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:198
  28. Geobacillus stearothermophilus is able to utilize phenol as a sole carbon source. A DNA fragment encoding a phenol hydroxylase catalyzing the first step in the meta-pathway has been isolated previously. Based on ...

    Authors: Bastian Omokoko, Uwe K Jäntges, Martin Zimmermann, Monika Reiss and Winfried Hartmeier
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:197
  29. Growing concerns about bacterial resistance to antibiotics have prompted the development of alternative therapies like those based on cationic antimicrobial peptides (APs). These compounds not only are bacteri...

    Authors: Susana Sánchez-Gómez, Marta Lamata, José Leiva, Sylvie E Blondelle, Roman Jerala, Jörg Andrä, Klaus Brandenburg, Karl Lohner, Ignacio Moriyón and Guillermo Martínez-de-Tejada
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:196
  30. The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract contains a diverse collection of bacteria, most of which are unculturable by conventional microbiological methods. Increasingly molecular profiling techniques are being em...

    Authors: Carl R Harrington, Sacha Lucchini, Karyn P Ridgway, Udo Wegmann, Tracy J Eaton, Jay CD Hinton, Michael J Gasson and Arjan Narbad
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:195
  31. Clostridium tetani and Clostridium perfringens are among the medically important clostridial pathogens causing diseases in man and animals. Several homologous open reading frames (ORFs) have been identified in th...

    Authors: Syed Imteyaz Alam, Sunita Bansod and Lokendra Singh
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:194
  32. Mycoplasma agalactiae is the main cause of contagious agalactia, a serious disease of sheep and goats, which has major clinical and economic impacts. Previous studies of M. agalactiae have shown it to be unusuall...

    Authors: Laura McAuliffe, Colin P Churchward, Joanna R Lawes, Guido Loria, Roger D Ayling and Robin AJ Nicholas
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:193
  33. Major Clostridium difficile virulence factors are the exotoxins TcdA and TcdB. Due to the large size and poor stability of the proteins, the active recombinant TcdA and TcdB have been difficult to produce.

    Authors: Guilin Yang, Boping Zhou, Jufang Wang, Xiangyun He, Xingmin Sun, Weijia Nie, Saul Tzipori and Hanping Feng
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:192
  34. Bacillus cereus is most commonly associated with foodborne illness (diarrheal and emetic) but is also an opportunistic pathogen that can cause severe and fatal infections. Several multilocus sequence typing (MLST...

    Authors: Alex R Hoffmaster, Ryan T Novak, Chung K Marston, Jay E Gee, Leta Helsel, James M Pruckler and Patricia P Wilkins
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:191
  35. Chlamydia trachomatis, an obligate intracellular human pathogen, is the most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted infection worldwide and a leading cause of preventable blindness. HtrA is a virulence and stre...

    Authors: Wilhelmina M Huston, Christina Theodoropoulos, Sarah A Mathews and Peter Timms
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:190
  36. Pseudomonas fluorescens is a ubiquitous Gram-negative bacterium frequently encountered in hospitals as a contaminant of injectable material and surfaces. This psychrotrophic bacterium, commonly described as unabl...

    Authors: Gaelle Rossignol, Annabelle Merieau, Josette Guerillon, Wilfried Veron, Olivier Lesouhaitier, Marc GJ Feuilloley and Nicole Orange
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:189
  37. The luxS/AI-2 signaling pathway has been reported to interfere with important physiological and pathogenic functions in a variety of bacteria. In the present study, we investigated the functional role of the stre...

    Authors: Maria Siller, Rajendra P Janapatla, Zaid A Pirzada, Christine Hassler, Daniela Zinkl and Emmanuelle Charpentier
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:188
  38. Invasion of host tissue by the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans is an important step during the development of candidosis. However, not all C. albicans strains possess the same invasive and virulence proper...

    Authors: Sascha Thewes, Gary P Moran, Beatrice B Magee, Martin Schaller, Derek J Sullivan and Bernhard Hube
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:187
  39. The lantibiotic mersacidin is an antimicrobial peptide of 20 amino acids that is ribosomally produced by Bacillus sp. strain HIL Y-85,54728. Mersacidin acts by complexing the sugar phosphate head group of the pep...

    Authors: Peter Sass, Andrea Jansen, Christiane Szekat, Vera Sass, Hans-Georg Sahl and Gabriele Bierbaum
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:186
  40. The increasing number of genomic sequences of bacteria makes it possible to select unique SNPs of a particular strain/species at the whole genome level and thus design specific primers based on the SNPs. The h...

    Authors: Jiqiang Yao, Hong Lin, Allen Van Deynze, Harshavardhan Doddapaneni, Martha Francis, Eliana Gertrudes Macedo Lemos and Edwin L Civerolo
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:185
  41. A study to evaluate the biofilm-development ability in three different media (Middlebrook 7H9, sterile tap water and PBS-5% glucose) was performed with 19 collection strains from 15 different species on non-pi...

    Authors: Jaime Esteban, Nieves Z Martín-de-Hijas, Teemu J Kinnari, Guillermo Ayala, Ricardo Fernández-Roblas and Ignacio Gadea
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:184
  42. Most extracellular virulence factors produced by Bacillus cereus are regulated by the pleiotropic transcriptional activator PlcR. Among strains belonging to the B. cereus group, the plcR gene is always located in...

    Authors: Julien Brillard, Kim Susanna, Caroline Michaud, Claire Dargaignaratz, Michel Gohar, Christina Nielsen-Leroux, Nalini Ramarao, Anne-Brit Kolstø, Christophe Nguyen-the, Didier Lereclus and Véronique Broussolle
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:183
  43. Salmonellosis is one of the most important bacterial food borne illnesses worldwide. A major source of infection for humans is consumption of chicken or egg products that have been contaminated with Salmonella en...

    Authors: Christine P Sivula, Lydia M Bogomolnaya and Helene L Andrews-Polymenis
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:182
  44. Acid tolerance in Escherichia coli O157:H7 contributes to persistence in its bovine host and is thought to promote passage through the gastric barrier of humans. Dps (DNA-binding protein in starved cells) mutants...

    Authors: Kwang Cheol Jeong, Kai Foong Hung, David J Baumler, Jeffrey J Byrd and Charles W Kaspar
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:181
  45. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a major cause of infant and child mortality in developing countries. This enteric pathogen causes profuse watery diarrhea by elaborating one or more enterotoxins that in...

    Authors: Maria D Bodero, Elizabeth A Harden and George P Munson
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:180
  46. Culture-independent methods based on the 16S ribosomal RNA molecule are nowadays widely used for assessment of the composition of the intestinal microbiota, in relation to host health or probiotic efficacy. Be...

    Authors: Sophie Mathys, Christophe Lacroix, Raffaella Mini and Leo Meile
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:179
  47. The majority of commensal gastrointestinal bacteria used as probiotics are highly adapted to the specialised environment of the large bowel. However, unlike pathogenic bacteria; they are often inadequately equ...

    Authors: Debbie Watson, Roy D Sleator, Colin Hill and Cormac GM Gahan
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:176

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