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  1. The chlamydiae alter many aspects of host cell biology, including the division process, but the molecular biology of these alterations remains poorly characterized. Chlamydial inclusion membrane proteins (Incs...

    Authors: Damir T Alzhanov, Sara K Weeks, Jeffrey R Burnett and Daniel D Rockey
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2009 9:2
  2. Medium density DNA microchips that carry a collection of probes for a broad spectrum of pathogens, have the potential to be powerful tools for simultaneous species identification, detection of virulence factor...

    Authors: Maria Palka-Santini, Berit E Cleven, Ludwig Eichinger, Martin Krönke and Oleg Krut
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2009 9:1
  3. The worldwide outbreak of influenza A (H5N1) viruses among poultry species and humans highlighted the need to develop efficacious and safe vaccines based on efficient and scaleable production.

    Authors: Fang He, YuenFern Ho, Li Yu and Jimmy Kwang
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:238
  4. Composting is one of the methods utilised in recycling organic communal waste. The composting process is dependent on aerobic microbial activity and proceeds through a succession of different phases each domin...

    Authors: Jenni Hultman, Jarmo Ritari, Martin Romantschuk, Lars Paulin and Petri Auvinen
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:237
  5. A biofilm is a complex community of microorganisms that develop on surfaces in diverse environments. The thickness of the biofilm plays a crucial role in the physiology of the immobilized bacteria. The most ca...

    Authors: Moshe Shemesh, Avshalom Tam, Miriam Kott-Gutkowski, Mark Feldman and Doron Steinberg
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:236
  6. Entamoeba histolytica is a professional phagocytic cell where the vacuolar ATPase plays a key role. This enzyme is a multisubunit complex that regulates pH in many subcellular compartments, even in those that are...

    Authors: Mayra Gisela Meléndez-Hernández, María Luisa Labra Barrios, Esther Orozco and Juan Pedro Luna-Arias
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:235
  7. Three phenotypic identification systems (MicroScan, VITEK 2, and Crystal GP) were evaluated for their accuracy to identify coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS). A total of 120 clinical isolates confirmed to ...

    Authors: Miyoung Kim, Se Ran Heo, Soon Hee Choi, Hyelin Kwon, Jeong Su Park, Moon-Woo Seong, Do-Hoon Lee, Kyoung Un Park, Junghan Song and Eui-Chong Kim
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:233
  8. Gut bifidobacteria are believed to influence immune-related diseases. The objective of this study was to assess the possible relationships between the gut bifidobacteria composition and coeliac disease (CD) in...

    Authors: Maria Carmen Collado, Ester Donat, Carmen Ribes-Koninckx, Miguel Calabuig and Yolanda Sanz
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:232
  9. Endophytic fungi are known plant symbionts. They produce a variety of beneficial metabolites for plant growth and survival, as well as defend their hosts from attack of certain pathogens. Coastal dunes are nut...

    Authors: Sumera Afzal Khan, Muhammad Hamayun, Hyeokjun Yoon, Ho-Youn Kim, Seok-Jong Suh, Seon-Kap Hwang, Jong-Myeong Kim, In-Jung Lee, Yeon-Sik Choo, Ung-Han Yoon, Won-Sik Kong, Byung-Moo Lee and Jong-Guk Kim
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:231
  10. Phosphorus is an essential macronutrient for the growth of plants. However, in most soils a large portion of phosphorus becomes insoluble and therefore, unavailable to plants. Knowledge on biodiversity of phos...

    Authors: Popavath Ravindra Naik, Gurusamy Raman, Kannan Badri Narayanan and Natarajan Sakthivel
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:230
  11. Mannose binding lectin (MBL) is an important host defence protein against opportunistic fungal pathogens. This carbohydrate-binding protein, an opsonin and lectin pathway activator, binds through multiple lect...

    Authors: Eveline C van Asbeck, Andy IM Hoepelman, Jelle Scharringa, Bjorn L Herpers and Jan Verhoef
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:229
  12. Salmonella enterica is a facultative intracellular pathogen of worldwide importance. Over 2,500 serovars exist and infections in humans and animals may produce a spectrum of symptoms from enteritis to typhoid dep...

    Authors: Debra J Clayton, Alison J Bowen, Scott D Hulme, Anthony M Buckley, Victoria L Deacon, Nicholas R Thomson, Paul A Barrow, Eirwen Morgan, Michael A Jones, Michael Watson and Mark P Stevens
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:228
  13. The presence of prophages has been an important variable in genetic exchange and divergence in most bacteria. This study reports the determination of the genomic sequence of Salmonella phage ε34, a temperate bact...

    Authors: Robert Villafane, Milka Zayas, Eddie B Gilcrease, Andrew M Kropinski and Sherwood R Casjens
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:227
  14. Iron is recognized as an important trace element, essential for most organisms including pathogenic bacteria. HugZ, a protein related to heme iron utilization, is involved in bacterial acquisition of iron from...

    Authors: Ying Guo, Gang Guo, Xuhu Mao, Weijun Zhang, Jie Xiao, Wende Tong, Tao Liu, Bin Xiao, Xiaofei Liu, Youjun Feng and Quanming Zou
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:226
  15. C. glutamicum has traditionally been grown in neutral-pH media for amino acid production, but in a previous article we reported that this microorganism is a moderate alkaliphile since it grows optimally at pH 7.0...

    Authors: Mónica Barriuso-Iglesias, Daniela Schluesener, Carlos Barreiro, Ansgar Poetsch and Juan F Martín
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:225
  16. Bacteria of the genus Brucella are the causative organisms of brucellosis in animals and man. Previous characterisation of Brucella strains originating from marine mammals showed them to be distinct from the terr...

    Authors: Claire E Dawson, Emma J Stubberfield, Lorraine L Perrett, Amanda C King, Adrian M Whatmore, John B Bashiruddin, Judy A Stack and Alastair P MacMillan
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:224
  17. The usefulness of available vaccine and serological tests for leptospirosis is limited by the low cross-reactivity of antigens from numerous serovars of pathogenic Leptospira spp. Identification of genus-specific...

    Authors: Haiyan Dong, Ye Hu, Feng Xue, Dexter Sun, David M Ojcius, Yafei Mao and Jie Yan
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:223
  18. The main tool to discover novel microbial eukaryotes is the rRNA approach. This approach has important biases, including PCR discrimination against certain rRNA gene species, which makes molecular inventories ...

    Authors: Sunok Jeon, John Bunge, Chesley Leslin, Thorsten Stoeck, Sunhee Hong and Slava S Epstein
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:222
  19. Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen that forms biofilms. The global regulator sarA is essential for biofilm formation. Since the modulator of sarA (msa) is required for full expression of sarA and regu...

    Authors: Karthik Sambanthamoorthy, Antony Schwartz, Vijayaraj Nagarajan and Mohamed O Elasri
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:221
  20. BOX-A1R-based repetitive extragenic palindromic-PCR (BOX-PCR) is one of the most used techniques in biogeography studies of microbial isolates. However the traditional separation of BOX-PCR patterns by agarose...

    Authors: Lorenzo Brusetti, Iana Malkhazova, Maher Gtari, Isabella Tamagnini, Sara Borin, Maya Merabishvili, Nina Chanishvili, Diego Mora, Francesca Cappitelli and Daniele Daffonchio
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:220
  21. Bacterial genomes harbour a large number of tandem repeats, yet the possible phenotypic effects of those found within the coding region of genes are only beginning to be examined. Evidence exists from other or...

    Authors: David A Coil, Liesbeth Vandersmissen, Christophe Ginevra, Sophie Jarraud, Elke Lammertyn and Jozef Anné
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:218
  22. The OmcB protein is one of the most immunogenic proteins in C. trachomatis and C. pneumoniae infections. This protein is highly conserved leading to serum cross reactivity between the various chlamydial species. ...

    Authors: Olfa Frikha-Gargouri, Radhouane Gdoura, Abir Znazen, Boutheina Gargouri, Jalel Gargouri, Ahmed Rebai and Adnene Hammami
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:217
  23. Acinetobacter baumannii is a nosocomial pathogen of increasing importance, but the pathogenic mechanism of this microorganism has not been fully explored. This study investigated the potential of A. baumannii to ...

    Authors: Chul Hee Choi, Jun Sik Lee, Yoo Chul Lee, Tae In Park and Je Chul Lee
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:216
  24. Francisella tularensis subsp. tularensis is classified as a Category A bioweapon that is capable of establishing a lethal infection in humans upon inhalation of very few organisms. However, the virulence mechanis...

    Authors: Sandra S Ojeda, Zheng J Wang, Chris A Mares, Tingtung A Chang, Qun Li, Elizabeth G Morris, Paul A Jerabek and Judy M Teale
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:215
  25. Toxin complex (Tc) proteins termed TcaABC, TcdAB, and TccABC with insecticidal activity are present in a variety of bacteria including the yersiniae.

    Authors: Thilo M Fuchs, Geraldine Bresolin, Lisa Marcinowski, Joachim Schachtner and Siegfried Scherer
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:214
  26. Obligate intracellular pathogens belonging to the Chlamydiaceae family possess a number of mechanisms by which to manipulate the host cell and surrounding environment. Such capabilities include the inhibition of ...

    Authors: David V Pollack, Nancy L Croteau and Elizabeth S Stuart
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:213
  27. The cell tropism of Brucella abortus, a causative agent of brucellosis and facultative intracellular pathogen, in the placenta is thought to be a key event of infectious abortion, although the molecular mechanism...

    Authors: Kenta Watanabe, Masato Tachibana, Satoshi Tanaka, Hidefumi Furuoka, Motohiro Horiuchi, Hiroshi Suzuki and Masahisa Watarai
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:212
  28. In man, infection by the Gram-negative enteropathogen Yersinia pseudotuberculosis is usually limited to the terminal ileum. However, in immunocompromised patients, the microorganism may disseminate from the diges...

    Authors: Marie-Laure Rosso, Sylvie Chauvaux, Rodrigue Dessein, Caroline Laurans, Lionel Frangeul, Céline Lacroix, Angèle Schiavo, Marie-Agnès Dillies, Jeannine Foulon, Jean-Yves Coppée, Claudine Médigue, Elisabeth Carniel, Michel Simonet and Michaël Marceau
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:211
  29. Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato DC3000 (DC3000) is a Gram-negative model plant pathogen that is found in a wide variety of environments. To survive in these diverse conditions it must sense and respond to various ...

    Authors: Philip A Bronstein, Melanie J Filiatrault, Christopher R Myers, Michael Rutzke, David J Schneider and Samuel W Cartinhour
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:209
  30. Small heat shock proteins are ubiquitous family of stress proteins, having a role in virulence and survival of the pathogen. M. leprae, the causative agent of leprosy is an uncultivable organism in defined media,...

    Authors: Nirmala Lini, Elengikal Abdul Azeez Rehna, Sugathan Shiburaj, Jayapal Jeya Maheshwari, Nallakandy Panagadan Shankernarayan and Kuppamuthu Dharmalingam
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:208
  31. In the absence of effective drugs, controlling SARS relies on the rapid identification of cases and appropriate management of the close contacts, or effective vaccines for SARS. Therefore, developing specific ...

    Authors: Feng Mu, Dongsheng Niu, Jingsong Mu, Bo He, Weiguo Han, Baoxing Fan, Shengyong Huang, Yan Qiu, Bo You and Weijun Chen
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:207
  32. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is an oral bacterium associated with aggressive forms of periodontitis. Increasing evidence points to a link between periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases, however, the u...

    Authors: Jan Oscarsson, Maribasappa Karched, Bernard Thay, Casey Chen and Sirkka Asikainen
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:206
  33. Host defense peptides (HDPs), or antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), are important components of the innate immune system that bacterial pathogens must overcome to establish an infection and HDPs have been suggeste...

    Authors: Caroline Trebbien Gottlieb, Line Elnif Thomsen, Hanne Ingmer, Per Holse Mygind, Hans-Henrik Kristensen and Lone Gram
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:205
  34. Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) causes the chronic enteritis called paratuberculosis mainly in cattle, sheep and goats. Evidences that point out an association between Map and Crohn's Disease in...

    Authors: Iker Sevilla, Lingling Li, Alongkorn Amonsin, Joseba M Garrido, Maria V Geijo, Vivek Kapur and Ramón A Juste
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:204
  35. Iron is an essential nutrient but can be toxic at high intracellular concentrations and organisms have evolved tightly regulated mechanisms for iron uptake and homeostasis. Information on iron management mecha...

    Authors: Héctor Osorio, Verónica Martínez, Pamela A Nieto, David S Holmes and Raquel Quatrini
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:203
  36. All bacterial genomes contain repetitive sequences which are members of specific DNA families. Such repeats may occur as single units, or found clustered in multiple copies in a head-to-tail configuration at s...

    Authors: Emanuela Roscetto, Francesco Rocco, M Stella Carlomagno, Mariassunta Casalino, Bianca Colonna, Raffaele Zarrilli and Pier Paolo Di Nocera
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:202
  37. PstS is a phosphate-binding lipoprotein that is part of the high-affinity phosphate transport system. Streptomyces lividans accumulates high amounts of the PstS protein in the supernatant of liquid cultures grown...

    Authors: Ana Esteban, Margarita Díaz, Ana Yepes and Ramón I Santamaría
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:201
  38. The mce4 operon is one of the four homologues of mammalian cell entry (mce) operons of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The mce4A (Rv3499c) gene within this operon is homologous to mce1A (Rv0169), that has a role in h...

    Authors: Neeraj Kumar Saini, Monika Sharma, Amita Chandolia, Rashmi Pasricha, Vani Brahmachari and Mridula Bose
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:200
  39. Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 1 causes > 20% of invasive disease, among all age groups combined, in The Gambia. In contrast, it is rarely detected in carriage studies. This study compares the molecular epidem...

    Authors: Martin Antonio, Ishrat Hakeem, Timothy Awine, Ousman Secka, Kawsu Sankareh, David Nsekpong, George Lahai, Abiodun Akisanya, Uzochukwu Egere, Godwin Enwere, Syed MA Zaman, Philip C Hill, Tumani Corrah, Felicity Cutts, Brian M Greenwood and Richard A Adegbola
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:198
  40. Geobacillus stearothermophilus is able to utilize phenol as a sole carbon source. A DNA fragment encoding a phenol hydroxylase catalyzing the first step in the meta-pathway has been isolated previously. Based on ...

    Authors: Bastian Omokoko, Uwe K Jäntges, Martin Zimmermann, Monika Reiss and Winfried Hartmeier
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:197
  41. Growing concerns about bacterial resistance to antibiotics have prompted the development of alternative therapies like those based on cationic antimicrobial peptides (APs). These compounds not only are bacteri...

    Authors: Susana Sánchez-Gómez, Marta Lamata, José Leiva, Sylvie E Blondelle, Roman Jerala, Jörg Andrä, Klaus Brandenburg, Karl Lohner, Ignacio Moriyón and Guillermo Martínez-de-Tejada
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:196
  42. The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract contains a diverse collection of bacteria, most of which are unculturable by conventional microbiological methods. Increasingly molecular profiling techniques are being em...

    Authors: Carl R Harrington, Sacha Lucchini, Karyn P Ridgway, Udo Wegmann, Tracy J Eaton, Jay CD Hinton, Michael J Gasson and Arjan Narbad
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:195
  43. Clostridium tetani and Clostridium perfringens are among the medically important clostridial pathogens causing diseases in man and animals. Several homologous open reading frames (ORFs) have been identified in th...

    Authors: Syed Imteyaz Alam, Sunita Bansod and Lokendra Singh
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:194
  44. Mycoplasma agalactiae is the main cause of contagious agalactia, a serious disease of sheep and goats, which has major clinical and economic impacts. Previous studies of M. agalactiae have shown it to be unusuall...

    Authors: Laura McAuliffe, Colin P Churchward, Joanna R Lawes, Guido Loria, Roger D Ayling and Robin AJ Nicholas
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:193
  45. Major Clostridium difficile virulence factors are the exotoxins TcdA and TcdB. Due to the large size and poor stability of the proteins, the active recombinant TcdA and TcdB have been difficult to produce.

    Authors: Guilin Yang, Boping Zhou, Jufang Wang, Xiangyun He, Xingmin Sun, Weijia Nie, Saul Tzipori and Hanping Feng
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:192
  46. Chlamydia trachomatis, an obligate intracellular human pathogen, is the most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted infection worldwide and a leading cause of preventable blindness. HtrA is a virulence and stre...

    Authors: Wilhelmina M Huston, Christina Theodoropoulos, Sarah A Mathews and Peter Timms
    Citation: BMC Microbiology 2008 8:190

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