Antibiotic resistance in potential probiotic lactic acid bacteria of fermented foods and human origin from Nigeria

Duche, Rachael T.; Singh, Anamika; Wandhare, Arundhati Ganesh; Sangwan, Vikas; Sihag, Manvesh Kumar; Nwagu, Tochukwu N. T.; Panwar, Harsh; Ezeogu, Lewis. I.

doi:10.1186/s12866-023-02883-0

Table 4 Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of LAB isolates against different antibiotics recorded in terms of zone of inhibition by disc diffusion assay. Superscripts denote zones of inhibition (ZOI); S = susceptible; R = resistant; I = intermediate susceptible; AZM - Azithromycin; E - Erythromycin; CD - Clindamycin; CX - Cefoxitin; CMZ - Cefmetazole; CAZ - Ceftazidime; CIP - Ciprofloxacin; COT - Cotrimoxazole; TR - Trimethoprim; FC - Fusidane; GEN - Gentamycin; K - Kanamycin; PB - Polymyxin-B; TOB - Tobramycin; IPM - Imipenem; MRP- Meropenem; MET - Methicillin; MO - Moxifloxacin; NX - Norfloxacin; NA - Nalidixic acid; GAT - Gatifloxacin; P - Penicillin; AMC - Amoxiclav; TEI - Teicoplanin; VA - Vancomycin; TGC - Tigecycline; TE - Tetracycline

From: Antibiotic resistance in potential probiotic lactic acid bacteria of fermented foods and human origin from Nigeria

	Macrolides			Cephalosporins				Sulfonamides		Fusidane	Aminoglycosides				Beta-lactams			Quinolones				Penicilins		Glycopeptides		Tetracyclines
	AZM	E	CD	CX	CMZ	CAZ	CIP	COT	TR	FC	GEN	K	PB	TOB	IPM	MRP	MET	MO	NX	NA	GAT	P	AMC	TEI	VA	TGC	TE
GR4	S¹⁹	S¹⁹	I¹⁵	R	R	R	I¹⁵	I¹⁶	S¹⁸	R	R¹²	R⁰	R⁰	R¹¹	S²⁴	S¹⁸	R¹¹	R¹¹	R	R	I¹⁶	R¹⁴	I¹⁵	R	R	S²⁷	S²¹
GR13	R¹¹	S¹⁷	I¹⁵	R	R	R	R⁰	S²⁰	S¹⁹	R¹³	R¹¹	R⁰	R⁰	R⁰	S³²	I¹⁶	R⁰	R⁰	R	R	R⁰	S²⁰	S²⁰	R	R	S²⁰	I¹⁶
GR8	I¹⁵	S²⁰	I¹⁵	R	R	R	R¹¹	S¹⁷	S¹⁷	R	R¹²	R⁰	R⁰	R⁰	S²¹	R¹³	R⁰	R¹²	R	R	R¹¹	R¹¹	S¹⁷	R	R	S¹⁷	R¹²
GR27	S²⁰	S²⁴	R	R	R⁰	R	S²¹	I¹⁶	S¹⁸	R	S²²	R¹²	S¹⁷	R¹³	S²²	S²⁶	R¹³	R⁰	R	R	S²²	I¹⁵	S²⁰	R	R	S³⁶	S²¹
GR11	R¹³	I¹⁶	R¹²	R	R¹⁰	R	R¹⁰	R¹⁰	S¹⁷	I¹⁵	R¹¹	R	R	R	S³⁰	R¹³	R	I¹⁵	R¹⁴	R¹²	R⁰	I¹⁵	S²¹	R	R	S¹⁷	R
GR5	I¹⁶	S²¹	S²⁴	R¹¹	R	R	R	S¹⁷	S²⁰	R	I¹⁵	R	R	R	S²⁷	I¹⁵	R	R¹²	R	R	R¹²	R	S²¹	R	R	S¹⁷	I¹⁵
GR2	R¹²	S¹⁹	R	R	R	R	R	S²⁰	I¹⁶	R¹¹	S¹⁸	R	R¹³	R⁰	S²²	I¹⁶	R	R	R	R	S¹⁸	R¹²	S²⁰	R	R	S²⁰	S²⁰
GR29	S¹⁸	S²²	R	R	R	R	R¹⁰	S¹⁷	S²¹	R	S¹⁹	R	R¹⁴	R¹⁰	S²³	I¹⁶	R¹⁰	R¹²	R	R¹¹	R⁰	S²⁰	S²¹	R	R	S²⁰	S¹⁷
GR32	S¹⁷	S²⁰	R	R	R	R	I¹⁶	S²⁰	S²²	R	R¹²	R	R	R⁰	S²³	S²¹	R	R	R¹²	R	R¹²	R	R¹²	R	R	S²⁷	S²¹
GR12	I¹⁶	S²³	I¹⁵	R	R	R	R¹²	I¹⁵	S²²	I¹⁵	R¹⁴	R	R	R¹⁰	S²⁷	S¹⁹	R¹⁰	R¹¹	R	R¹⁰	R⁰	S²⁰	R¹⁴	R	R	S²¹	S¹⁸
KN10	I¹⁵	I¹⁶	R¹³	R	R	R	R	S¹⁷	S¹⁷	R	R¹²	R	R	R⁰	S²²	S¹⁷	R	R	R	R	R⁰	I¹⁵	R¹¹	R	R	S¹⁸	S¹⁹
KN3	I¹⁵	S²²	R¹²	R	R	R	R¹²	I¹⁵	R	I¹⁶	R¹¹	R	R	R⁰	S³⁶	I¹⁵	R	R	R	R¹⁰	R¹¹	S²³	S²¹	R	R	S²²	R¹⁰
KN6	I¹⁵	S²¹	R¹²	R	R	R	S¹⁸	S¹⁹	S¹⁸	R	R¹¹	R	R	R⁰	S²⁴	S²³	R	R¹²	R¹³	R	S¹⁷	R¹³	S²⁰	R	R	S²⁵	S²¹
KN5	S¹⁷	S²²	R¹¹	R	R	R	R¹⁰	S¹⁸	S²⁰	S¹²	R¹²	R	S¹⁸	R⁰	S³¹	I¹⁵	R	R¹²	R	R¹¹	R¹⁰	R¹³	S¹⁷	R	R	S¹⁵	S¹⁸
	AZM	E	CD	CX	CMZ	CAZ	CIP	COT	TR	FC	GEN	K	PB	TOB	IPM	MRP	MET	MO	NX	NA	GAT	P	AMC	TEI	VA	TGC	TE
KN9	R¹²	S²¹	I¹⁵	R	R	R	R	R¹³	R¹³	S¹⁹	R¹³	R	I¹⁶	R⁰	S³²	R¹⁵	R	R	R	R¹¹	R	S¹⁸	I¹⁵	R	R	S¹⁷	R¹³
BK5	S²¹	S²⁵	I¹⁵	R	R	R	I¹⁶	S²²	S²⁴	R¹⁰	S¹⁸	R	R	R¹⁴	S²⁴	I¹⁶	R¹⁴	R	R	R	S¹⁸	S¹⁹	R¹⁴	R	R	S²¹	S²¹
BK4	I¹⁵	S²¹	R¹¹	R	R	R	S¹⁷	I¹⁶	S¹⁸	R	R¹⁰	R	R	R¹⁰	S²¹	S¹⁹	R¹⁰	R¹²	R¹⁰	R	I¹⁵	S¹⁸	S¹⁷	R	R	S²²	S¹⁸
BK8	S¹⁸	S²³	R	R	R	R	R¹⁰	S²⁰	S²⁴	R¹³	R¹²	R	R¹³	R⁰	S²⁵	I¹⁶	R	R¹²	R	R	R	I¹⁵	R¹³	R	R	S¹⁷	S¹⁸
PT1	S²⁰	S²²	S²²	R¹⁰	R	R	R	I¹⁵	S²²	R	R¹³	R	R	R⁰	S²²	S¹⁸	R	R¹²	R¹⁰	R	R	R¹⁴	I¹⁶	R	R	S²¹	S²⁰
AK1	S¹⁸	S²⁰	R¹⁴	R	R	R	R¹⁴	S¹⁸	S¹⁸	R	R¹⁴	R	R10	R⁰	S²⁵	S¹⁹	R	R¹⁰	R	R	R¹²	R¹³	R¹³	R	R	S²⁷	R¹³
AK5	S¹⁹	S²¹	S20	R	R	R	R¹⁰	S¹⁸	S²²	R¹¹	R¹²	R	R	R¹⁰	S²⁴	R¹⁵	R¹⁰	R¹¹	R	R	R¹⁰	R	R¹⁴	R	R	S¹⁹	S²²
NON4	S²²	S²⁰	R¹²	R	R	R	R¹⁴	S²¹	S²⁰	R	I¹⁶	R	R¹³	R	S²³	I¹⁶	R	R¹¹	R	R	R⁰	R¹⁰	I¹⁶	R	R	S²⁰	S²¹
	AZM	E	CD	CX	CMZ	CAZ	CIP	COT	TR	FC	GEN	K	PB	TOB	IPM	MRP	MET	MO	NX	NA	GAT	P	AMC	TEI	VA	TGC	TE
3ST2	S¹⁷	S²¹	I¹⁵	R	R	R	I¹⁵	R¹⁴	I¹⁵	I¹⁶	I¹⁵	R	R	R	S²⁵	S²⁰	R	R¹²	R	R	R¹⁴	R¹³	R¹⁴	R	R	S²⁴	S¹⁷
3ST3	S²¹	S²⁵	S²⁵	R	R	R	R¹⁴	S²⁰	S¹⁹	R¹¹	R¹³	R	R	R	S²⁵	S¹⁹	R	I¹⁵	R	R	R¹³	S²¹	S²¹	R¹⁰	R	I¹⁶	S²⁵
3ST5	S²⁰	S²⁵	R¹¹	R	R	R	R¹⁴	S¹⁸	S²²	R¹³	R¹²	R	R	R	S²⁴	S¹⁹	R	R¹¹	R	R	R¹⁴	R	R¹³	R	R	S²³	S¹⁹
3ST7	S¹⁷	S²⁰	R	R	R	R	R	S¹⁷	R⁰	R	R¹⁴	R	R	R	S²²	I¹⁵	R	R⁰	R	R	R¹⁰	R	R¹³	R	R	I¹⁶	S²⁰
3BM1	R¹³	I¹⁶	R¹⁴	R	R	R	R	I¹⁵	S²¹	I¹⁵	R¹¹	R	R¹⁰	R	S³¹	I¹⁵	R¹⁰	R⁰	R	R	R	R¹³	S²¹	R	R	S²²	R¹²
3BM3	S¹⁸	S²³	R¹³	R	R	R	I¹⁵	S¹⁸	S¹⁷	R	R¹²	R	R	R	S²³	I¹⁵	R	R⁰	R	R	R¹²	R¹⁴	S¹⁷	R	R	S²¹	S¹⁷
3BM4	S¹⁹	S²³	S²³	R	R	R	R¹²	S¹⁹	S²²	R¹¹	R¹³	R	R	R	S²⁵	I¹⁵	R	R¹⁰	R	R	I¹⁵	R¹⁰	I¹⁵	R	R	S¹⁹	S²⁴
8BM6	S¹⁹	S²⁰	S¹⁹	R	R	R	R	S²⁰	S¹⁹	R	R¹³	R	R	R	S²⁴	S¹⁷	R	R¹¹	R	R	I¹⁵	I¹⁶	I¹⁵	R	R	S²⁰	S²¹
8BM9	R¹⁴	S¹⁹	R	R	R	R	R	I¹⁶	S¹⁸	S¹⁷	R¹³	R	R¹⁴	R¹⁴	S²⁴	I¹⁵	R	S¹⁹	R	R	R¹⁰	S¹⁹	S¹⁸	R	R	S¹⁶	I¹⁵
8ST5	S¹⁹	S²¹	R	R	R	R	R¹²	S²²	S²²	R	R¹⁴	R	R¹³	R¹³	S²⁵	R¹⁴	R	R¹²	R	R	R	R	S²²	R	R	S²⁰	R¹⁴
8ST7	S²¹	S²⁴	I¹⁶	R¹⁰	R	R	R	R¹⁴	S¹⁷	S²⁰	S¹⁸	R	R	R	S³⁰	R¹⁴	R	R¹³	R	R	R¹²	S¹⁷	S²⁶	R	R	S²⁰	I¹⁵
15ST2	R¹⁴	2^S0	R¹²	R	R	R	R	S¹⁹	S¹⁸	R¹¹	R¹²	R	R¹⁴	R¹⁴	S²⁶	S¹⁸	R¹³	R¹¹	R	R	R	S¹⁷	S¹⁸	R	R	S²⁵	I¹⁵

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ISSN: 1471-2180

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