Fig. 2
Treatment of heat-killed GMNL-653 in Hs68 fibroblasts increases the mRNA expressions of growth factors. 1.5 × 105 cells/well of human fibroblast Hs68 cells were seeded in wells of 6-well-plate for attachment and then cultured with serum free medium for 24 h. Cells were treated with indicated concentration of heat-killed GMNL-653 for 24 h. The mRNA expression of IGF-1R (A), VEGF (B), IGF-1 (C), and KGF (D) were determined by quantified RT-PCR (n = 5). Data were presented as the relative fold changes (mean ± SEM) in compared to non-GMNL-653 treatment control (Ctrl) after normalization with the house-keeping of β-actin. *p < 0.05