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Fig. 3 | BMC Microbiology

Fig. 3

From: Antibacterial and antibiofilm potential of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus YT and its cell-surface extract

Fig. 3

Extraction of the cell-surface antibacterial substances from L. rhamnosus YT (a) and its antibacterial spectrum (b), mode of action (c) and antibiofilm potential (d). Ultrasonic procedure was optimized to obtain the maximal amount of extract under the premise of keeping the cell integrity. After sonification and centrifugation, the viable counts and antibacterial activity were measured (a). Antibacterial ability of the extract to multiple bacteria was measured by agar well diffusion method (b). The extract concentrated at 15 mg/mL was cocultivated with indicator strains to analyze its antibacterial action mode (c). The antibiofilm potential of the extract with different concentration was determined (d)

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