Fig. 3

Gender-based analysis of gut microbial composition and differences in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis patients. A Circos sample and species relationship diagram: The left half circle represents the species composition in the sample; the different color of outer ribbon: different samples (HCM, HCF, HT1M, HT1F, HT2M, HT2F); inner ribbon: bacteria species; the length of the ribbon: the abundance of the corresponding species. The right half circle: the bacteria abundance in different samples; the outer ribbon: bacteria species; the inner ribbon: different samples (HCM, HCF, HT1M, HT1F, HT2M, HT2F), length of the ribbon: the abundance of the corresponding bacteria species. B Analysis of the community composition of different samples of gut microbes based on different genders: The ordinate is the sample name, the abscissa is the proportion of the species in the sample, the different-colored columns represent different species, and the length of the column represents the proportion of a species. C PLS-DA grouping analysis of gut microbial samples based on different genders: Points with different colors or shapes represent sample groups under different environments or conditions, and Comp1 and Comp2 represent the suspected influencing factors responsible for the deviation in the microbial composition of the two groups of samples. D Significant differences between groups based on the community abundance data in the samples and the Kruskal–Wallis rank sum test in different gender groups: The Y-axis represents the species names at a certain taxonomic level, and the X-axis represents the average relative value of the species in the different groups. Abundance is represented by different-colored bars, which indicate different groupings; p values are located on the far right. *p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01, ***p ≤ 0.001