Fig. 4

Characterization of phenotypes of EC1390, C600, and 3 transconjugants derevied from C600. A Growth curves of E. coli strains in LB (left panel) and M9 broth (right panel). B Siderophore activity was determined by CAS agar diffusion assay. The halo diameter represents siderophore activity was measured after 16 h incubation. C Biofilms of E. coli strains in LB (left panel) and M9 broth (right panel) were stained with crystal violet and measured at wavelength of 590 nm. D Bacterial adhesion assays in bladder epithelium cell line 5637. All experiments were performed in biological triplicate. Error bars represent the standard deviations of three independent experiments. The statistical analysis was performed using Student’s t test and the p values were provided (**, p < 0.01; *, p < 0.05). PC, positive control; NC, negative control