Target gene | Primer | Sequence (5′–3′) | Thermal profile | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
amoA-AOA | Arch-amoAF | 5′-STAATGGTCTGGCTTAGACG-3’ | 95 °C for 5 min; 40 cycles of 95 °C for 10 s, 55 °C for 20 s, and 72 °C for 30 s. | Hu et al. [78] |
Arch-amoAR | 5′-GCGGCCATCCATCTGTATGT-3’ | |||
amoA-AOB | amoA-1F | 5′-GGGGTTTCTACTGGTGGT-3’ | 95 °C for 5 min; 40 cycles of 95 °C for 10 s, 55 °C for 20 s, and 72 °C for 30 s. | Ebie et al. [79] |
amoA-2R | 5′- CCCCTCKGSAAAGCCTTCTTC − 3’ | |||
nirK | F1aCu | 5′-ATCATGGTSCTGCCGCG-3′ | 95 °C 2 min, 1 cycle; 95 °C 20 s, 63 °C 30 s, 72 °C 30 s, 85 °C 10 s, 35 cycles. | Hallin and Lindgren [80] |
R3Cu | 5′-GCCTCGATCAGRTTGTGGTT-3′ | |||
nirS | cd3aF | 5′-GTSAACGTSAAGGARACSGG-3’ | 95 °C 2 min, 1 cycle; 95 °C 45 s, 55 °C 45 s, 72 °C 45 s, 85 °C 20 s, 40 cycles. | Dong et al. [81] |
R3cd | 5′-GASTTCGGRTGSGTCTTGA-3’ | |||
nosZ | nosZ-1126F | 5′-GGGCTBGGGCCRTTGCA-3’ | 95 °C 2 min, 1 cycle; 95 °C 20 s, 60 °C 30 s, 72 °C 30 s, 40 cycles. | Wu et al. [82] |
nosZ-1381R | 5′-GAAGCGRTCCTTSGARAACTTG-3’ |