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Table 3 Antimicrobial evaluation of Lactobacillus strains and CFCS against G. vaginalis and N. gonorrhoeae

From: Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains isolated from spontaneously fermented cocoa exhibit potential probiotic properties against Gardnerella vaginalis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Strain/Medium

pH

Deferred inhibition (mm)

Microdiffusion (mm)

Isolated growth

Coincubation (Gv)

Coincubation (Ng)

G. vaginalis

N. gonorrhoeae

G. vaginalis

N. gonorrhoeae

Lp03

3.76 ± 0.08a1

3.85 ± 0.03a1

3.85 ± 0.02a1

19.67 ± 2.52

32.67 ± 2.52

Contact

11.33 ± 3.06

Lp289

3.85 ± 0.01a1

3.86 ± 0.02a1

3.82 ± 0.02a1

15.33 ± 3.06

23.33 ± 5.13

18.33 ± 2.08

18.67 ± 1.53

Lp291

3.92 ± 0.10a1

4.23 ± 0.01a1

4.47 ± 0.01a1

20.67 ± 1.16

26.33 ± 0.58

12.33 ± 1.53

Contact

MRS

6.50 ± 0.10b1

6.50 ± 0.10b1

6.50 ± 0.10b1

0.00 ± 0.00

0.00 ± 0.00

0.00 ± 0.00

0.00 ± 0.00

  1. pH assay values are means of triplicate determinations; ± indicates standard deviations from the mean. Mean values (± standard deviation) within the same column followed by different superscript letters are statistically significant (P < 0.05). Mean values (±standard deviation) within the same line followed by different superscript numbers were statistically significant (P < 0.05). (Gv) G. vaginalis; (Ng) N. gonorrhoeae. The measurement of the inhibition halos of the microdiffusion assay included the diameter of the PVC cylinder (8 mm). Contact means that there was no pathogen growth inside the PVC cylinder