Fig. 7

Detection of cells apoptosis induced by VacA recombinant protein using TUNEL assay. VacA recombinant protein induced GES-1 cell apoptosis. GES-1 cells treated with VacA recombinant protein at a high concentration (at a final 65 μg/mL) for 24 h. A Representative images of the TUNEL assay (Magnification × 400). Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue) and TUNEL-positive cells (red) indicate apoptosis. B Quantification of results. Results are presented as the mean ± standard deviation, ***: P < 0.001 vs. the buffer control group