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Table 1 Comparative data of subinhibitory concentrations related to chitosan hydrogel (CS gel), zinc oxide nanocomposite (ZnONC), and chitosan/zinc oxide nanocomposite hydrogel (ZnONC-CS) effects on biofilm formation and metabolic activity of Streptococcus mutans

From: Combinatorial therapy of chitosan hydrogel-based zinc oxide nanocomposite attenuates the virulence of Streptococcus mutans

Experiments

Biofilm formation

Metabolic activity

% reduction

P value

% reduction

P value

CS gel

vs. Control

3.15

0.91

19.75a

0.00

ZnONC

14.23

0.07

30.00a

0.00

ZnONC-CS

33.00a

0.00

45.00a

0.00

ZnONC

vs. CS gel

11.08

0.18

10.25

0.06

ZnONC-CS

29.85a

0.00

25.25a

0.00

ZnONC-CS

vs. ZnONC

18.77a

0.02

15.00a

0.00

  1. aSignificant statistical differences between groups