Fig. 4

TMMI-012 produces biofilm and chitin synthase higher than S. boydii. Biofilms development of S. boydii and TMMI-012 incubated at 37 °C for 6, 24, 48, and 72 h as analyzed by crystal violet (CV) assay (a) and XTT assay (b). c TEM micrograph of pulmonary biofilm formation in S. boydii (upper left, scale bar ~ 1 μm) and TMMI-012 (lower left, scale bar ~ 500 nm) indicating the present of extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition beside the fungal hypha. Asterisk (*) indicates periplasmic space between the plasma membrane and the cell wall of fungal hypha. Inserts depict high magnification of the ECM (scale bar ~ 200 nm). TEM micrograph of immunogold localization of chitin synthase in growing conidia from S. boydii (upper right, scale bar ~ 1 μm) and TMMI-012 (lower right, scale bar ~ 1 μm). Inserts depict high magnification of the chitin synthase immunogold labels (scale bar ~ 200 nm). d Quantification of number of chitin synthase immunogold labels in growing conidia from S. boydii and TMMI-012. Data shown as mean ± SD (n = 3); P-value calculated by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test (a, b) and Student’s t-test (d); *P < 0.05