Fig. 3

Effects of heat treatments on the abilities of Hpa1 and their mutants to induce HR. a Tobacco leaves infiltrated with 10 μM heat- or non-heat-treated Hpa1 or their mutant proteins. The size of the injection site is indicated by a solid black line. b The ability of each protein to induce HR was determined by the ratio between the size of the necrotic lesion caused by the HR and the size of the injection site. The values in y-axis indicate the means of three biological replicates per treatment. Error bars indicate the standard deviation of the mean (n = 3). Asterisks indicate a significant difference between the ability of the four Hpa1 to induce HR after treatment at different temperatures and that of their mutants, which obtained by one-way ANOVA (Bonferroni method, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01)