Fig. 2

ILA inhibits LPS-induced inflammation in macrophage and intestinal epithelial cells. a SEAP activity in RAW blue macrophage cells exposed to media alone, LPS alone, or with different concentrations of ILA for 1 h prior to addition of LPS. b IL-8 from IECs exposed to media alone, LPS alone for 18 h or with different concentrations of ILA for 1 h prior to LP. Data is expressed as mean ± SEM, n = 3–7 and Student t-test was used to determine significance with corresponding P values considered statistically significant; *** p < 0.0001 compared to no treatment control or ^ p < 0.05, ^^ p < 0.01, ^^^ p < 0.0001 compared to LPS alone