Table 2 Comparison of the Results of Anthropometric Measurements and Blood Biochemical Profiles between the Pre- and Postintervention Stages in the Fat Loss and Fat Gain Groups

 Weight (kg)

57.50 ± 16.90

57.38 ± 16.72

57.60 [49.40; 67.70]

60.20 [50.00; 68.90]^**

 Weight (z-score)

2.38 ± 0.76

2.29 ± 0.77^**

2.16 [1.93; 2.50]

2.20 [1.94; 2.64]

 Height (cm)

145.76 ± 14.80

146.78 ± 14.59^**

148.73 ± 14.62

149.75 ± 14.59^**

 Height (z-score)

0.98 [0.17; 2.16]

1.04 [0.18; 2.17]

1.26 [0.75;1.46]

1.15 [0.86; 1.48]

 BMI (kg/m²)

26.41 ± 4.04

26.01 ± 4.00^**

25.70 [23.75; 27.30]

26.14 [23.94; 28.13]^*

 BMI (z-score)

2.54 [1.95; 2.76]

2.36 [1.88; 2.65]^**

2.22 [1.96; 2.54]

2.34 [2.02; 3.54]

 Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

119.71 ± 13.74

118.18 ± 9.34

121.05 ± 11.71

119.26 ± 11.96

 Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

77.00 [70.00; 82.00]

76.00 [69.00; 83.00]

72.05 ± 10.31

73.63 ± 10.72

 Waist circumference (cm)

88.90 [75.00; 93.20]

84.50 [74.80; 93.90]^**

88.81 ± 13.26

90.07 ± 13.64^*

 Waist-to-height ratio

0.58 [0.54; 0.61]

0.56 [0.53; 0.60]^**

0. 59 [0.55; 0.62]

0.59 [0.56; 0.62]

 Total body fat (%)

38.30 [35.60; 43.0]

37.2 [34.40; 39.70]^**

38.79 ± 5.16

39.34 ± 5.06^*

 Skeletal muscle mass (kg)

17.70 [13.90; 21.80]

18.20 [14.20; 26.90]^**

17.80 [15.70; 22.70]

19.40 [16.00; 23.80]

 Total body fat (kg)

22.80 ± 7.89

21.99 ± 7.40^**

21.60 [18.80; 26.80]

23.20 [19.20; 28.20]^**

 Visceral Fat (cm²)

112.10 [74.30; 144.20]

105.10 [71.90; 136.80]^**

118.76 ± 49.54

123.76 ± 49.10^**

 Abdomen fat (%)

0.85 ± 0.08

0.85 ± 0.08

0.86 ± 0.10

0.87 ± 0.09

 Glucose (mg/dL)

98.00 [95.00; 103.00]

99.00 [98.00; 103.00]

104.00 [100.0; 106.0]

99.00 [95.50; 107.00]

 AST (IU/L)

24.00 [21.00; 29.00]

24.00 [19.00; 26.00]

24.000 [20.50; 30.50]

24.00 [20.00; 28.50]

 ALT (IU/L)

20.0 [17.00; 35.00]

18.00 [16.00; 24.00]^*

25.00 [15.00; 46.50]

26.00 [15.00; 42.50]

 Total cholesterol (mg/dL)

177.00 ± 30.20

176.18 ± 31.84

169.58 ± 22.99

173.84 ± 18.90

 Triglyceride (mg/dL)

90.00 [68.00; 117.00]

91.00 [67.00; 108.00]

77.00 [72.00; 115.00]

86.00 [64.00; 137.50]

 HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)

50.94 ± 11.17

51.18 ± 10.67

52.47 ± 10.11

53.37 ± 10.87

 LDL cholesterol (mg/dL)

108.29 ± 24.00

107.06 ± 27.04

102.32 ± 22.18

104.74 ± 19.33

 hs-CRP (mg/L)

1.40 [0.60; 2.60]

1.40 [0.70; 1.90]

1.20 [0.80; 1.60]

1.60 [0.80; 2.00]

 Uric acid (mg/L)

4.90 [4.40; 5.40]

4.80 [4.50; 5.50]

5.51 ± 0.93

5.79 ± 0.74

 25-OH vitamin D (ng/mL)

16.08 ± 5.81

16.92 ± 6.44

13.63 ± 4.33

16.72 ± 5.92

 Ferritin (ng/mL)

64.50 [48.30; 83.70]

68.70 [51.90; 96.20]

54.90 [41.40; 139.60]

59.80 [46.55; 111.75]

 Insulin (μU/mL)

15.54 [10.75; 27.49]

11.63 [8.17; 16.12]^**

19.29 [11.90; 39.21]

13.93 [10.43; 22.91]^**

 HbA1c (%)

5.4 ± 0.3

5.4 ± 0.2

5.40 [5.35; 5.50]

5.40 [5.30; 5.50]

 HOMA-IR

1.33 [1.22; 1.42]

2.67 [2.05; 3.84]^**

1.39 [1.33; 1.46]

2.99 [2.60; 6.17]^**