Fig. 4From: Characterization of mucosa-associated Escherichia coli strains isolated from Crohn’s disease patients in BrazilTNF-α levels produced by THP-1 cells infected with AIEC strains. CTL, control subject samples; CD, CD patient samples. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA followed by the Newman-Keuls test. ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 (compared to noninfected cells)Back to article page