Fig. 2

Association of human milk fungi presence with environmental, maternal and infant characteristics. a Unadjusted univariate associations of fungal presence with maternal, infant and early life factors, breastfeeding and selected HMOs, indoor and outdoor environmental factors, and milk bacterial composition tested by logistic regression. b Adjusted multivariable associations of host and environmental factors with the presence of fungi. Variable selected by LASSO (see Fig. 3c) were included in the multivariable logistic regression