Fig. 1

Correlogram of 13 bacterial families showing co-occurrence and co-exclusion patterns. These were computed by Spearman’s rank correlation between the families. The correlation coefficients range from − 1 (red; co-exclusions relationships) to + 1 (blue; co-occurrence relationships), hence, high negative and positive coefficient values indicate strong correlations. The blue diagonal line represents correlations of + 1. White shows absence of bacterial relationships