Fig. 4
Antiviral effect of NO produced from avian macrophages following resiquimod treatment. a Avian macrophages, MQ-NCSU cells, were cultured in 12-well plates (1 × 106 cells per well) for 24 h and stimulated with either resiquimod (10 μg/ml), resiquimod (10 μg/ml) plus 1400 W (100 μM), 1400 W (100 μM) or growth media (control) in triplicates. The culture supernatants were collected 24 h post-treatment, a portion was transferred to LMH cell monolayer grown in 12-well plates and infected with ILTV (300 PFU/well). b The NO assay was performed in remaining culture supernatants using Griess assay to quantify NO production. The experiment was repeated two more times with the same number of replicates with similar results and the data were pooled. Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn’s post-test for selected comparison was performed to identify the differences between groups and the differences were considered significant at P < 0.05. a ILTV replication. b NO production