Fig. 3

NO production from avian macrophages in vitro and from lungs in vivo following treatment with resiquimod. a The MQ-NCSU cells were cultured and treated with resiquimod along with a positive control (LPS) as indicated in the materials and methods. The doses of resiquimod are given on the horizontal axes and the determined nitrite concentrations are given on the vertical axes. Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn’s post-test for selected comparison was performed to identify the differences between groups b SPF eggs were treated in ovo with resiquimod (n = 5) or PBS (n = 4) at ED18 and the eggs were incubated until hatch. At day 1 post-hatch, one lung was collected in PBS to perform NO assay. Student’s t-test was used to identify differences between two groups. The differences between groups were considered significant at P < 0.05